Kalam Buatmu

Google and China: Sovereignty VS Freedom of Speech

2010-02-13T12:27:00.003+08:00

Google moves out from China since earlier January this year was a biggest step taken by the largest internet search engine in the world to express dissatisfaction over the China rules on censorship to its google.cn. A dispute blown up when Google found its Chinese user from the human right activists was attacked by determined hackers accused to be sponsored by Chinese government, shown the illegal intimidation to Google site. As a simple way of showing unprecedented disgust and outrage of situation occurred, Google jolted to Chinese government to plan a complete withdrawal of Google operation from China. In fact, recently Google delayed the planned China launch of two phones that use its Android operating system, which is a great signal that Google may retreat from its endeavour to pursuit in China cell phone market. The decision as well is an effort presenting the Google commitment to promote freedom of speech in this country as some called as Authoritarian country and to urge the Communist government to loosen up its rigidity and strictness over the public access of information. Google inc. Chief Executive Eric Schmidt recently talked in Davos, the World Economic Forum, about the Google firm’s stand on its decision to leaving China if the rules upon its internet access through Google search engine remain restricted.

However, this action has received different views on whether the plan taken by Google was an effective way to frighten or pressure the “Dragon” to pull back its decision on censorship over its search engine or it is a fool step that can, in turn, causing a huge loses for Google to take advantage over China big market on the one hand, and mounting up the clashes between U.S and China that are inherited from series of dispute over recently disagreement on China’s role on climate change control in Copenhagen, and tensions over trade and economic issues like China’s currency, on the other hand. These views have their strong argument over the Google’s decision but I would rather believe respecting the country rules and regulation and its socio-political environment is a symbol of respect to the country’s sovereignty within their perspective. The pluralist of culture and acceptation of liberalism indoctrinate in U.S culture could not be put as a standard benchmark over the other practices outside the U.S. Anything that goes parallel to U.S culture is recognised as a symbol of democratic and liberalism that protecting human right, while others that against it would be alleged to be authoritarianism and oppression to human right and freedom. This idea is totally unacceptable and a direct intimidation over the country’s sovereignty in which is even a bigger sin than the intimidation over the Google mailbox. It is an obligation to any visitors to understand the culture and socio-belief of the place they plan to visit. If they think their coming to that place is to earning some benefits from there, they should, at first place accepting the differences over the culture that others have from their homeland and on the top of it respecting it. There might be reasons why China meticulously controlling all of these open-media from disseminating any info to public. Among the main reason which I could assume is for public security and preserving Chinese culture that is highly connected to political and economic stability in China. As China’s rocketing global status nowadays, the Dragon is likely under scrutiny from the world. Any silly steps taken would rather ransack their status and thus allowing others along the rivals to supersede them. Thus, they craft a meticulous national development schedules to maintain positive growth and as well to retain market beliefs from outsiders.

The control of media from one perspective is a good action to maintain stability. In fact, the opponents would always utilize these rapidly changing technology to pesticide their belief and create chaos and wavering environment into their rival with the propagation of notion “freedom of speech”. The national problem which should be resolve within the nation can be played as a global issue through media. If country do not pre-empt it through controlling and inspection of all sources coming in, it would rather allow unnecessary false information to be spread in public and yet fuelling up unnecessary social tension and riot in the country. Free speech is subject to reasonable restriction for such purposes as maintaining public order, decency and morality. As Google broadens its reach, it must increasingly tweak the way it operates to suit new culture.

The dissent over the treatment of Chinese government to foreign business in one side is undisputable. Some accused China for purposefully inconsistent and non-transparent enforcement of regulation, state’s penetration to the multinationals through union and Communist party organization, unfair treatment for foreign business especially through its politicized courts and agencies, creative and selective enforcement of WTO requirements and many others more. Despite so many accusations forwarded, China economy remains stable and consecutively increases its growth and as well its world market domination. Why is that so? Their lifestyle and moral values upheld in Business and any others activities are receiving deep respect and salute for their hard-earned success from foreign business community. Such factors attracting business from outside to grab opportunity in China that is enormously number of cheap labours benefit from large population and larger market size that amalgamated with positive culture and decent working attitude. If these uncensored search engine that bundle with pornography, social-networking sites and many others information which are not filtered allow to be operated in China, it would degrade cultural and moral values of Chinese and making them intoxicated with hedonism and pleasure-seeking lifestyle, that Deng Xiaoping, the former of Chinese president, termed as “spiritual pollution” . We are not denying the advantages of internet to present life but to allow it operating overtly without restrictions may produce evil greater than benefits. Thus, China should always be firm to what they are doing and the outsiders like Google who want something from China should respect China’s policy and sovereignty.

Abu Mardhiyyah

Bagaimana Mendidik Pelajar Sekolah untuk Mengikuti Sunnah

2010-01-12T22:47:00.004+08:00

(Soalan yang dibincangkan dalam forum intis)

Assalamualaikum wbt.

Bagaimana ye?

Mereka yang pernah menjadi fasi INTIS mungkin boleh berkongsi pengalaman bagaimana mendidik.

Mereka yang bukan fasilitator INTIS pun boleh turut sama menceritakan pengalaman, memberi idea dan tips bagaimana mahu mendidik adik-adik di sekolah untuk mengikut sunnah nabi.

Jawapan:

Mendidik satu perkara yang flexible dan tidak ada satu cara yangg tetap untuk mendidik tetapi kita yakin bahawa isi kandungannya masih sama cuma pendekatan sahaja yang berbeza..

Dalam program selalunya kita dapat lihat macam-macam jenis pelajar yang datang daripada pelbagai latar belakang, ada yang masyAllah baik daripada awal dan terddik dengan syahsiah yg baik di rumah tetapi ada juga yg Astaghfirullah perlukan kepada injeksi kesedaran yang lebih untuk berubah...

Berdasarkan pengalaman saya..para pelajar ni tahap mentaliti dan cara berfikir mereka berbeza daripada satu tahap umur kepada tahap umur yg lain..saya rasa semua org setuju dalam hal ini, ada yang cepat daya kematangannya dan ada juga yang lambat..tetapi rata-ratanya saya boleh bahagikan kelas umur kematangan mereka kepada 3 tahap:

1) pra-matang: 5-10- baru kenali dunia,sedikit demi sedikit cuba memberikan respon pada perubahan yang ada tetapi dunia kanak-kanak masih tinggi dalam diri, sukakan hadiah-haidah, ucapan-ucapan yang memuji untuk memberi semangat dan lain-lain (tidak dinafikan seawal umur 2 tahun lagi, kanak-kanak sudah bertanya tentang macam-macam perkara tentang apa yang berlaku di sekitar mereka, tetapi saya mengambil kaedah melihat tahap perubahan yang agak jelas daripada kematangan mereka)

2) separa matang: 11-14- sudah berusaha untuk cuba perkara baru yg lebih ekstrem dan bersifat dewasa, jiwa kanak-kanak sedikit demi sedikit cuba dihilangkan, sudah merasai adanya tanggungjawab terhadap diri, adik-adik, kawan-kawan dan lain-lain..

3) agak matang: 15-18- tahap umur yg rata-rata bagi lelaki dan perempuan sudah mencapai baligh, sudah cuba mencari personaliti sendiri, ingin dilayan seperti org dewasa, dunia kanak-kanak sudah banyak ditinggalkan, inginkan jiwa yg bebas, tidak mahu terkongkong dan diarah dengan paksa..tahap imaginasi yg tinggi dan mampu berfikiran kritis dan kritikal...

(tahap ni mungkin tidak mewakili kesemuanya tetapi kebanyakan yg saya lihat hasil pengalaman hidup saya sebagai guru, bapak sedara, kawan dan pemerhati)

kalu kita sudah tahu tahap umur adik-adik ni, maka modul atau apa sahaja bentuk penyampaian mestilah bersesuaian dengan peringkat umur mereka, isu-isu yang dirasakan perlu kepada penjelasan lebih, kita boleh dedahkan pada yangg berumur 15-18 kerana mereka cepat memberikan respon dan tahap IQ mereka dalam keadaan yg baik untuk menerima sesuatu perkara yg baru...perkara-perkara yang menguji minda mereka adalah sangat digalakkan kerana tahap umur yg sebegini, umur hang jebat lah katakan, mereka pantang di cabar..haha...aktiviti yg bersifat kanak-kanak seperti menyanyi-nyanyi atau berteriak riang ria ala kanak-kanak punya mode, isi kandungan presentation yg sudah menjadi "common sense" pada mereka akan membuatkan mereka rasa bosan dan cepat menunjukkan reaksi yg negatif mskipun tidak ekstremis untuk menunjukkan rasa tidak setuju tentang pendekatan yang kita bawa..memek muka akn berubah, kurang daya tumpuan dan lain-lain akan ditonjolkan jika kita samakan tahap minda mereka dengan dunia kanak2 yg mereka cuba tinggalkan....

Manakala, budak-budak yg pra dan separa matang, masih boleh kita kategorikan dalam zaman kanak2 lagi, mreka mudah patuh arahan meskipun agak sdkit nakal, tetapi approach agak sedikit berbeza berbnding tahap umur yang agak matang, agak sukar untuk dedahkan perkara yang baru yang sedikit bertentangan atau berbeza dengan apa yg mereka belajar..kerana otak mereka masih lagi menerima dengan bulat-bulat dan kurang kritis dalam memikir..tetapi kotak input mereka bagus dan mudah tangkap dan ingat perkara baru meskipun terkadang mereka tidak tahu kenapa dan mengapa mereka perlu lakukan sebegitu...golongan begini kita bagikan input-input asas tentang solat (apa yg mereka mahukan cara bgaimana nak buat sesuatu, soalan-soalan mudah mungkin ditanya tetapi jika kita selitkan sesuatu yg agak sdikit berbeza, mereka segera rasa sangsi dan cuba mengaitkan apa yg ada di sekolah atau apa yang mereka lihat di rumah, agak lambat untuk faham dan menerima tetapi mudah melekat apabila sudah faham sesuatu, terkadang ada juga yg cepat tangkap dan ikut tanpa tanya apa-apa cuma bile ditanya kenapa adik buat mcm ni?, jawabnya mudah sahaja , mereka geleng kepala atau kata "saya tak tahu")..haha, anjuran saya juga supaya banyakkan bercerita tentang syurga, neraka, azab dan lain-lain untuk mereka ambil pelajaran, mereka mudah rasa takut, sedih, gembira dan tawa meskipun bersifat sementara tetapi cara untuk mmpengaruhi diri mereka agak mudah...jiwa org yang mengajr mesti ada sedikit sifat keibuan, lembut, memberikan galakan dan motivasi, membalas usaha mereka dgn sedikit gnjaran sebagai penghargaan...meraka akan cepat menghargai kerana merasakan diri dihargai dan dikasihi...elemen ni juga boleh kita gunakan kepada tahap yang agak matang tetapi pendekatan serta intipati mesti agak menarik dan luas sesuai dgn tahap umur mereka

setakat ini itu dulu..nanti kita smbung lagi..lontaran idea ni sekali lg lahir daripada pengalaman diri, ia mgkin tidak sama dgn apa yg orang lain lihat....nasihat saya sampaikan ilmu agama mengikut tahap keupayaan mereka berfikir nescaya mereka lebih mersai agama itu sentiasa selari dgn fitrah hidup mereka....wallahualam

Abu Mardhiyyah

Terima Kasih Atas Sumbangan (Updated)

2010-01-10T08:01:00.007+08:00

Salam muhibbah saya ucapkan kepada semua, selaku wakil kepada penganjur program Majlis Makan Malam Amal bersama Dr. Mohd Asri Zainul Abidin yang diadakan pada malam tadi (09.01.2010), bertempat di Shah Alam Convention Center (SACC CONVEC) telah berjaya dilangsungkan dengan jayanya. Tetamu yang telah hadir pada malam itu mencecah seribu orang dengan kehadiran beberapa dif-dif terhormat termasuk beberapa orang Yang Berhormat Ahli-ahli Parlimen dan Adun daripada pelbagai parti politik termasuk Yang Berhormat Datuk Seri Dr Shahidan bin Kassim, Adun Tambun Tulang, Yang Berhormat Zulkifli Noordin, ahli parlimen PKR kawasan Bandar Baru Kulim, Yang Berhormat Zuraida Kamaruddin, PKR Ampang, dan Adun Ulu Klang, Yang Berhormat Shaari Sungib, ahli-ahli akademik dan golongan agamawan. Manakala Tun Dr Mahathir yang dijemput khas selaku tetamu jemputan bagi menyampaikn ucaptama pada malam itu terpaksa membatalkan hasrat untuk bersama-sama dengan hadirin atas sebab-sebab yang tidak dapat dielakkan. Walau bagaimanapun, pihak kami sangat berbesar hati di atas sokongan yang tidak berbelah bagi oleh semua pihak tidak kira umur, pangkat atau jawatan dalam menyokong hasrat murni agenda Tajdid, arus perubahan minda ini.

Sekali lagi kepada yang membeli sambil menderma untuk program Majlis Makan Malam Amal ini, pihak kami mengucapkan ribuan terima kasih atas sumbangan yang tidak terhingga daripada anda. Keikhlasan anda adalah penentu segalanya pada penerimaannya di sisi Allah, moga ia dihitung sebagai satu amal jariah kepada usaha dakwah dalam menyebarkan risalah agama yang berpaksikan Al-Qur'an dan As-Sunnah mengikut fahaman Salafussoleh (generasi terdahulu dikalangan sahabat, tabi'en dan tabi' tabi'en). Mohon kemaafan atas segala kelemahan dan kekurangan, apa yang baik itu daripada Allah dan apa yang buruk itu datangnya daripada kelemahan kami sebagai manusia biasa yang sentiasa mendambakan cintaNya.

Salam perjuangan untuk semua

"1Akidah, 1Manhaj"

Intis Consultant & Training

Daftarlah Segera!!!: Majlis Makan Amal Bersama Dr MAZA

2009-12-28T15:21:00.007+08:00

Kepada sahabat-sahabat sekalian yang berminat untuk membeli tiket bagi majlis makan malam amal bersama Dr Mohd Asri Zainul Abidin bolehlah berhubung dengan saya (Abu Mardhiyyah@ Hafizi) di talian 013-3005129 atau kepada nama-nama yang tertera di dalam poster majlis makan amal ini untuk pendaftaran. Pembayaran bolehlah dibuat melalui Bank Islam atas namaNik Md Yusof Nik Ismail 12-0650-1002-1659

Untuk para pelajar universiti, tiket dijual dengan harga RM 100 bagi setiap satu kerusi manakala untuk selain pelajar dijual dengan harga RM 150.

Hasil penjualan tiket ini sebenarnya akan disalurkan untuk menampung kos perbelanjaan bagi program Muktamar Sunnah Kebangsaan 2010 yang bakal diadakan pada 19.02.2010- 21.02.2010.

Untuk pengetahuan sahabat-sahabat sekalian, tempat bagi majlis makan malam amal ini adalah terhad. Oleh itu, daftarlah segera selagi tempat masih ada untuk anda. Sekiranya anda berminat untuk membeli tiket ini sebagai satu bentuk sumbangan terhadap usaha dakwah sunnah tetapi tiada masa untuk hadir ke majlis ini, bolehlah berhubung dengan saya dan saya akan cuba dapatkan beberapa orang sahabat yang berminat tetapi tidak berkemampuan untuk membelinya bagi mewakili anda di majlis itu nanti berdasarkan jumlah kerusi yang dibeli.

Sekian terima kasih

"MEMBELI SAMBIL MENYUMBANG, DAKWAH SUNNAH TERUS TERBILANG"

World Issues 2

2009-12-22T14:53:00.005+08:00

China targeting on 8% GDP next year

China is targeting 8% GDP for the next year amid fragile economy recovery. The double digit target may not be good at the moment due to the rising risk of bubbles in stock, real estate and commodity price. But economist at Moody’s Economy.com in Sydney, Alaister Chan, said that the official target of 8% may overshoot in the next year. Furthermore, he said, it can be easily for China to achieve it as compared to this year. In addition, China’s bank will probably extend 9.8 trillian yuan ($1.4 trillion) of new loan this year from the total of the first 11 months that was 9.21 trillion yuan (Bloomberg.com).

U.S.-Brokered Climate Deal May Give Obama More Sway in Senate

The reason behind the “indecision” of US President Barrack Obama in the climate talks recently is probably because he wants to win over members of the senate who don’t want to impose similar restrictions i.e through emission cuts on American companies. I found that US’s stand on climate issue which was apparently opposed to earlier offer of China and India on emission curb has a political interest. Senators tried to oppose with UN rules that might hurt U.S businesses’ ability to compete in the global market. According to Senator Benjamin Cardin, a Maryland Democrat, the agreement (Copenhagen Accord) would help US to politically deal with American manufacturers that are at a disadvantages from UN policies on carbon curbs. The plan calls for another year of talks for a treaty to tackle global warming by capping emissions and expanding the $120 billion carbon market. A U.S. law allowing carbon trading would move the market’s “center of gravity” from London to New York and Chicago (Bloomberg.com).

Abu Mardhiyyah

World Issues 1

2009-12-22T14:51:00.003+08:00

Protest in Taiwan

Thousands of Taiwanese protested to China’s envoy meeting with Taiwan negotiator for trade talks in Taiwan recently. Some of the people in the Island are still thinking that the bilateral negotiation on economy between China and Taiwan may pave the way to unification. The demonstration that has been sponsored by Democratic Progressive Party was organized purposively to pass the message to the President of Taiwan, Ma Ying-jeou, that his signature on policy of tightening economic links with Beijing is threatening the well-being of Taiwan's people and paving the way for a Chinese takeover.

US Economy

US household expenditures are recorded to improve slightly by 0.7 per cent and incomes climbed up to 0.5 per cent. This is factored by the government’s easy monetary policy whereby the interest rate is pushed down to spur lending and also combined with discounts by merchants like Best Buy .co that may encourage the consumers to keep buying in coming months. Moreover, consumers’ confidences also take a major concern of this positive growth. The slowdown in the pace of job cuts and higher stock price are boosting consumer sentiment. All of these signs giving to retailers and real-estate agents reasons to anticipate business will improve in 2010.

Abu Mardhiyyah

Copenhagen Conference: Short comments

2009-12-20T14:39:00.007+08:00

“Climate stays gloomy”
The Copenhagen conference had reached to its final session whereby many issues were remained disputed. But some said Copenhagen’s results are a modest step in the global bid to curb greenhouse gasses that threaten to melt glaciers and flood coastlines. In fact, China Foreign Minister said, Yang Jeichi, Copenhagen had produced significant and positive results. In addition, Yang said the positive outcomes of the conference were that it upheld the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities" recognized by the Kyoto Protocol, and made a step forward in promoting binding emissions cuts for developed countries and voluntary mitigating actions by developing countries.

I thought it can be significant and positive only to China, US and some other developed countries since they do not have a legal binding on emission reduction but just currently need to pay for the developing countries some sort of “compensation” to their emission activities that affect those countries. The Copenhagen meeting also left many critics from the others where many had said it was a failure meeting and no much improvement was shown from the previous meeting. The giants still want to bid for their “national interest” by ignoring this major issue. This drama was expected even since before the meeting held. It’s so embarrassing.

The result of this conference may not be limited to the failure of international efforts to climate change mitigation but it had also indirectly affected the EU and UN carbon prices. It was expected that the carbon price may fall since the Copenhagen climate deal didn’t set targets to boost demands for permits. It is very important to know the agreed targets since it amount to a bunch of negotiation ranges that investors already factored in, but after the result heard, European Union carbon-dioxide allowances, with trading volume of $92 billion a year, will probably drop about 7 percent as markets open tomorrow in response to the accord, said Trevor Sikorski, emissions analyst for Barclays Plc’s investment bank

Follows are the summary of Copenhagen Accord that has been unanimously agreed so far by US President Barrack Obama, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao, Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and South African President Jacob Zuma (Sources; BBC news):

Legal Status

The Accord, reached between the US, China, India, Brazil and South Africa, contains no reference to a legally binding agreement, as some developing countries and climate activists wanted.

Neither is there a deadline for transforming it into a binding deal, though UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon said it needed to be turned into a legally binding treaty next year.

The accord was merely "recognised" by the 193 nations at the Copenhagen summit, rather than approved, which would have required unanimous support. It is not clear whether it is a formal UN deal.

Temperature Rise

The text recognises the need to limit global temperatures rising no more than 2C (3.6F) above pre-industrial levels.

The language in the text shows that 2C is not a formal target, just that the group "recognises the scientific view that" the temperature increase should be held below this figure.

However, the accord does not identify a year by which carbon emissions should peak, a position resisted by some richer developing nations.

Countries are asked to spell out by 1 February next year their pledges for curbing carbon emissions by 2020. The deal does not spell out penalties for any country that fails to meet its promise.

Financial Aid

The deal promises to deliver $30bn (£18.5bn) of aid for developing nations over the next three years. It outlines a goal of providing $100bn a year by 2020 to help poor countries cope with the impacts of climate change.

The accord says the rich countries will jointly mobilise the $100bn, drawing on a variety of sources: "public and private, bilateral and multilateral, including alternative sources of finance."

A green climate fund will also be established under the deal. It will support projects in developing countries related to mitigation, adaptation, "capacity building" and technology transfer.

Emission Transparency

The pledges of rich countries will come under "rigorous, robust and transparent" scrutiny under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).

In the accord, developing countries will submit national reports on their emissions pledges under a method "that will ensure that national sovereignty is respected."

Pledges on climate mitigation measures seeking international support will be recorded in a registry.

Review of Progress

The implementation of the Copenhagen Accord will be reviewed by 2015. This will take place about a year-and-a-half after the next scientific assessment of the global climate by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

However, if, in 2015, delegates wanted to adopt a new, lower target on global average temperature, such as 1.5C rather than 2C, it would be too late.

Final Day: Short report (COP15 UN Climate Change Conference)

2009-12-19T16:29:00.004+08:00

Final day: Roundup Discussion

Failure is difficult to say and success is even hardly to imagine but hope is still remained in there. This statement can be best to describe the upshot of final negotiation in Copenhagen yesterday. Hardly to believe but that is exactly what has happen in almost two week discussion in Bella Centre, Denmark. Only a piecemeal of consensus has been achieved and certainly many other things remain ambiguous and unclear. Some people said that behind the scene it is still has a positive sign in where this climate talks was able to attract many premier leaders in the world to attend and show their concern about this issues. Nevertheless, many of them were also frustrated about the intrusive outcome of the negotiations. In addition, many delegates requested for politically binding contract about the pledges that announced so far throughout the conference. But, as we have expected, the conditional pledges might not able to be on the list of the climate accord if the giants are still not kneeling on the floor. Follows are the short comment from the world leaders about the conference:

YVO DE BOER, HEAD OF THE U.N. CLIMATE CHANGE SECRETARIAT

"The mountain goes on and on, it seems. I do think we need to see how this text is received by the broader group of countries. It's great that small group of leaders gets together and tries to advance the process. But ultimately the way things work here it has to be acceptable to every country."

"If this makes it through the meeting in a couple of hours' time then I see it as a modest success. We could have achieved more."

FRENCH PRESIDENT, NICOLAS SARKOZY

"The text we have is not perfect.. If we had no deal, that would mean that 2 countries as important as India and China would be liberated from any type of contract....the United States, which is not in Kyoto would be free of any type of contract. That's why a contract is absolutely vital."

BRITISH PRIME MINISTER, GORDON BROWN

"I came here to Copenhagen wanting the most ambitious deal possible. We have made a start. I believe that what we need to follow up on quickly is ensuring a legally binding outcome."

GERMAN CHANCELLOR, ANGELA MERKEL

"The decision has been very difficult for me. We have done one step, we have hoped for several more."

EUROPEAN COMMISSION SPOKESWOMAN

"A deal is better than no deal. What could be agreed today, falls far below our expectations. But It keeps our goals and ambitions alive. It addresses the needs of developing countries. It was the only deal available in Copenhagen."

CO-AUTHOR OF A U.S. SENATE CLIMATE BILL, SENATOR JOHN KERRY

"This can be a catalyzing moment. It's a powerful signal to see President Obama, Premier Wen, Prime Minister Singh, and President Zuma agree on a meeting of the minds. These are the four horsemen of a climate change solution. With this in hand, we can work to pass domestic legislation early next year to bring us across the finish line."

HEAD OF CHINA'S CLIMATE DELEGATION, XIE ZHENHUA

"The meeting has had a positive result, everyone should be happy. After negotiations both sides have managed to preserve their bottom line. For the Chinese this was our sovereignty and our national interest."

BRAZIL'S CLIMATE CHANGE AMBASSADOR SERGIO SERRA

"It's very disappointing I would say but it is not a failure...if we agree to meet again and deal with the issues that are still pending."

"We have a big job ahead to avoid climate change through effective emissions reduction targets and this was not done here."

JOHN SAUVEN, EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, GREENPEACE UK

"The city of Copenhagen is a crime scene tonight, with the guilty men and women fleeing to the airport. There are no targets for carbon cuts and no agreement on a legally binding treaty.

"It seems there are too few politicians in this world capable of looking beyond the horizon of their own narrow self-interest, let alone caring much for the millions of people who are facing down the threat of climate change."

ALBERT BINGER, FROM GRENADA, SENIOR ADVISER TO THE ALLIANCE OF SMALL ISLAND STATES

"It seems they didn't want to make any hard decisions and they found some sort of compromise. But I don't think it does the job. The science is telling us we need much more cuts. We need definitive cuts, we need a peaking (year), we need things that people can be held accountable to."

ROB STAVINS, PROF OF BUSINESS AND GOVT AT HARVARD UNIVERSITY

"The most striking thing, it's incredible, virtually unprecedented, is that heads of state sat down in a room together and did the negotiations themselves."

"It's less than many people had hoped for and expected even two weeks ago. What was needed was to bring the rapidly growing economies and that's what was achieved."

PEW CENTER ON GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE, ELLIOT DIRINGER

"If accepted by other parties, this tentative agreement would be an important step forward. As President Obama said, it's well short of what's ultimately needed. But it would provide a reasonable basis for negotiating a fair and effective climate treaty. It would for the first time secure political pledges by all the major emerging economies to curb their emissions."

STEVE SAWYER, SECRETARY-GENERAL OF THE GLOBAL WIND ENERGY COUNCIL

"Standing on its own a political declaration like that doesn't do much other than paper over the fact that that governments have failed to keep the promises they made to each other (in Bali, Indonesia two years ago at the launch of the two-year climate talks meant ot agree a climate pact)."

JOHN ASHE, CHAIR OF KYOTO PROTOCOL TALKS UNDER U.N.

"Given where we started and the expectations for this conference, anything less than a legally binding and agreed outcome falls far short of the mark."

"On the other hand though I'm a bit of a realist so I do realize that perhaps the bar was set too high and the fact that there's now a deal ... perhaps gives us something to hang our hat on. I hope it sets the stage for serious work in 2010 so that we can conclude ... perhaps as soon as June, failing that by December 2010."

NANCY PELOSI, SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

"The agreement reached tonight in Copenhagen is a breakthrough in the global effort to combat the climate crisis."

TIM JONES, CLIMATE OFFICER, WORLD DEVELOPMENT MOVEMENT, ANTI-POVERTY LOBBY GROUP

"This summit has been in complete disarray from start to finish, culminating in a shameful and monumental failure that has condemned millions of people around the world to untold suffering.

"To say that this deal is in any way historic or meaningful is to completely misrepresent the fact that this deal is devoid of real content. It is actually meaningless."

NNIMMO BASSEY, CHAIR OF FRIENDS OF THE EARTH INTERNATIONAL

"Copenhagen has been an abject failure. Justice has not been done. By delaying action, rich countries have condemned millions of the world's poorest people to hunger, suffering and loss of life as climate change accelerates. The blame for this disastrous outcome is squarely on the developed nations."

CARL POPE, EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF THE SIERRA CLUB

"The world's nations have come together and concluded a historic if incomplete agreement to begin tackling global warming. President Obama and the rest of the world paid a steep price here in Copenhagen because of obstructionism in the United States Senate."

JOHN LANCHBERY, BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL

"It sounds very vague. There's no next step, nothing to link through to how to get a final deal done."

FRED KRUPP, HEAD OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE FUND

"Today's agreement takes the first important steps toward true transparency and accountability in an international climate agreement. The sooner the U.S. speaks through Senate legislation, the sooner we can set the terms of engagement for talks to come."

LEADER OF WWF GLOBAL CLIMATE INITIATIVE, KIM CARSTENSEN

"They tell us it's over but it's not. Copenhagen produced a snapshot of what leaders already promised before they arrived here. The biggest challenge, turning the political will into a legally binding agreement has moved to Mexico. What was good about Copenhagen was the level of national pledges for climate action in most countries. We are disappointed but remain hopeful."

JAKE SCHMIDT OF THE NATURAL RESOURCES DEFENSE COUNCIL

The deal will "get big countries moving in the right direction" on reducing their carbon emissions

References: http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE5BH4VN20091218

To know the detail of the Copenhagen accord that has been unanimously agreed so far by US President Barrack Obama, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao, Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and South African President Jacob Zuma, please download to this link: Copenhagen Accord

Day 11: Short report (COP15 UN Climate Change Conference)

2009-12-19T12:14:00.002+08:00

Day 11: Roundup Discussion

The Copenhagen conference almost heads to its final day. But, emission cut offered by rich countries are far below than the expectation and even make the world remain in danger. The Guardian had revealed a confidential UN analysis that the present offer of emission cut would still upraise a global warming by an average of three degrees in which according to Nicholas Stern, Economist for British Government, will result in tens to hundreds of million more people being flooded each year due to rising sea levels. Moreover, the Science shows that it causes also to the collapse of the Amazon rainforest, crippling water shortages across South America and Australia and the near-extinction of tropical coral reefs. In spite, those are just the beginning of the world catastrophe from the climate change effects. Nicholas Sarkozy has called for all parties to jointly commit in negotiation process for mitigating to the climate change effects as he insisted the bad implications may be faced by every single person on the earth.

Further more, the developed countries request a transparency from the developing countries on the measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) of emission curbs. Hillary Clinton, US Secretary of State, insisted it in her talk in Copenhagen though many developing countries rejected this proposal. In addition to her talk, US will to prepare for jointly efforts with other countries in mobilising the climate fund for almost 200 billion of US dollar annually by 2020.

The present discussion of climate talks would be on two-track basis; the Kyoto Protocol and the climate change convention. In recent news on this discussion had found that the developed countries finally had given up to absolutely abandoned the Kyoto Protocol that was certainly not in favour of their interest. At this junction, the proponents of Kyoto Protocol which majority stand for developing countries won the first battle.

Day 10: Short report (COP15 UN Climate Change Conference)

2009-12-18T11:09:00.006+08:00

Day 10: Roundup Discussion

The arrival of Gordon Brown, British Prime Minister two days earlier than other leaders in Copenhagen talks was to reduce the contentious situation among the negotiators in there. The resolutions need to be achieved due to its imperative of the future of human well-being. If there is no serious effort to cope the climate change effects, the well-being of the creation would be at vulnerable condition and the cost of mitigating it would lead to even much more higher than current expenditure in which according to Brown, it may cause to a reduction of 20 per cent of national income.

There is an attempt by some parties to reject Kyoto Protocol. The developing countries urged the rich countries to stick with their Kyoto obligations which is by soon would enter to a second round starting from 2013. Yvo de Boer, UN executive secretary of UNFCCC, asked the parties involved in this climate talks to remain pursuit to Kyoto Protocol as the new agreement to replace it would rather take many years before it can be ratified. Kyoto Protocol has been proposed since 1997 and come into action in 2005 after a long-term negotiation went around. The hanging status of Kyoto Protocol at present was described by India’s environment Minister, Jairam Ramesh as someone in intensive care if not dead.

On the other hand, U.S which is seem to be inactive in the climate change discussion has shrivel some strain of people through a John Kerry’s statement, US Senate Foreign Relations Committee, on the US’s stand in climate talks recently. He gave assurance that U.S would pass climate change bill by 2010 if the negotiation in the conference is successful. U.S is one of the developed countries who were abide by the Kyoto Protocol in 1997 but later rejected it during the early time of George W.Bush administration. The emission reduction that US has announced so far was around 3 to 4 per cent which is absolutely nothing to achieve the target of climate change fall from this larger emitter in the world.

Japan had announced to provide 15 billion of U.S dollars to the short-term financing of climate fund, amount that is higher than 9.6 billion of U.S dollars that EU pledge to give on the same period. However, they held it as a conditional pledge where the thriving negotiation in Copenhagen that may produce fair political accord would be a factor for the pledge to be valid or work.

Abu Mardhiyyah

International Islamic University of Malaysia

Day 9: Short report (COP15 UN Climate Change Conference)

2009-12-17T23:02:00.005+08:00

Day 9: Roundup Discussion

There is an urgent calling for the world leaders to come and play their role in this climate talks. The Australian Prime Minister, Kevin Rudd (left picture) as well as the other political leaders have warned that the negotiation might reach to a deadlock. For more than a week that the conference has gone and just remained few days to a deadline, no conclusive agreement has been achieved but rather a “surprise draft” that was in favour of developed countries distributed in the conference yesterday. It contained three option of long term climate aid but according to Quamrul Chowdhury, a Bangladeshi envoy who coordinates the Group of Least Developed Countries on Finance, none of the options include any financial commitment. The poorer countries say they would not agree with any drafts without financial aid. Followed by this situation, Jairam Ramesh, India’s Environment Minister has said that ABASIC (African, Brazil, South Africa, India and China) have drawn up a text for a new global agreement and would put it out if any other attempt to come out with a “surprise draft” happen again.

On the other hand, the arrival of Japan Prime Minister was expected to pledge a climate fund amounts to 10 billion of U.S dollar over three years including steps to protect biodiversity. This amount was a higher than the initial announcement which Japan have made around 9.6 billion of U.S dollar to help the developing countries.

Abu Mardhiyyah

International Islamic University of Malaysia

Rich-poor deadlock in Copenhagen: by Martin Khor

2009-12-16T13:11:00.000+08:00

Entering its second week, just days before the arrival of the political leaders, the Copenhagen climate conference is in the grip of a serious deadlock.

Developing countries, led by the Africans, on Monday insisted that the conference place top priority on the developed countries' emission reduction commitments, and on the continuation of the Kyoto protocol (KP), which is the legally binding treaty under which the commitments are to be made.

For a whole morning, the work in several "contact groups" stopped while the developing countries' leaders met with the Danish climate change minister Connie Hedegaard, who apparently agreed that the KP track of the Copenhagen talks would be given due attention. She also tried to allay fears that the Danes would throw in their own new draft for the heads of governments to consider and adopt on 18 December.

Fears and suspicions abound in the conference, and the stakes are high. Many contentious issues are still far from resolution and no one knows how much the gaps can be closed in the next days.

The first issue is the shape and fate of the future global climate regime, which was at the heart of the developing countries' actions on Monday. The developing countries are outraged by the now clear attempt by developed countries that are members of the Kyoto protocol to desert it. There is wide misconception that the KP expires in 2012 and that a new agreement is being negotiated to replace it. In fact, the KP has a first "commitment period" under which developed countries are legally bound to cut emissions by 5.2% by 2012 compared with 1990 levels. The first period ends in 2012 and the protocol mandates members to enter a second period after that. In the past four years the countries have been negotiating emission reduction figures for this second period.

When Europe two months ago said that it wanted a new "single agreement", it was indicating it would join Australia, Japan and others to jump ship from KP to a new treaty in the UN climate convention, which would include the United States, a KP non-member.

The US in turn indicated that in the new climate system there would not be internationally binding emission commitments, but instead what NGOs term a "pledge and review" system. This involves countries stating what their parliaments or cabinets are able to undertake, and their performance being reviewed by other countries. This "bottom up" approach is contrary to the top-down KP system in which countries decide how deep a cut is needed in aggregate, and then negotiate what each country will have to do.

Movement towards agreement on the KP second period has been glacially slow despite four years of talks and the deadline for concluding the talks at the end of the Copenhagen conference. This, together with the now stated intention that several if not all the developed country parties don't want to continue with Kyoto, has angered the developing countries.

The danger of a "bottom up" approach of merely collecting what each country can do is shown by the extremely low level of commitments so far. According to a widely used estimate by the Aosis (alliance of small island states), the aggregate of the announced national targets of developed countries (including the US) is only a 13%-19% emissions cut by 2020 compared with 1990. After counting "offsets" and other mechanisms, the real domestic effort is significantly lower than this. This is far below the 40-plus per cent that developing countries are demanding, in line with recent scientific findings.

We thus face the shocking prospect of the developed countries downgrading their mitigation commitment both in terms of the legal status of the commitment and the rate of emission reduction, at a time when the world is so concerned about the need to act on climate change.

On top of this, the developed countries are attempting to shift the burden of adjustment to the developing countries and in ways not agreed to when the mandate of the present negotiations was agreed to in Bali two years ago.

In the most glaring example of this, the developed countries have proposed that Copenhagen adopts the goal of a 50% cut in global emissions by 2050 (compared with 1990) while they would themselves cut by 80%. This implies that developing countries have to cut their emissions by 20%. However, this would entail rich countries undertaking a 80% cut per capita while developing countries cut by 60% per capita (as their population will double in this period while the population in developed countries will be stable, according to UN projections).

In this scenario, developing countries would have to cap their emissions at very low levels, which would drastically constrain their economic performance at current technology levels. It is true that the climate convention promises financial and technology transfers to the developing countries but this has remained on paper so far. The way the talks are going in Copenhagen, the prospect for future technology transfer is not bright, while long-term finance is still a promise.

At Bali it was envisaged that there would be a three-part bargain on mitigation. First and most important, those developed countries that are members of the KP would take on new commitments for a second period with deep enough emission cuts. Second, the US would agree to a comparable effort. Third, the developing countries would for the first time take mitigation actions that are "measurable, reportable and verifiable", supported by finance and technology.

With the first leg of this bargain now facing collapse as the developed countries jump ship from the KP, and with the US taking on such weak tentative target (about a 4%-7% cut by 2020 from 1990 levels), the world faces the prospect of an almost unbelievably low target by the developed countries as a whole. "We will be the laughing stock of the world come 18 December if these numbers are not raised," predicts the chair of the group negotiating the KP.

The developing countries have the most to lose if Copenhagen does not come up with a credible conclusion. They are thus demanding that those countries that put most of the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and that promised to take the lead in global actions to combat climate change live up to that promise in Copenhagen. This explains why they requested the survival of the Kyoto protocol, and the commitment to credible emission cuts by each country be top priorities at Copenhagen.

The next few days will tell if Copenhagen ends as a partial success, with enough progress to propel another year of talks to success, or as an utter failure, with the unravelling of the global climate regime amid a finger pointing blame game.

This article taken from :

http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/cif-green/2009/dec/15/developed-world-copenhagen-deadlock

Day 8: Short report (COP15 UN Climate Change Conference)

2009-12-15T22:00:00.009+08:00

Day 8: Roundup Discussion

India has made a bold statement on their stand for this climate talks. They would make some limitations on the kind of commitment such as to reject a concept of a “peaking year” of emission due to many development in rural area such as expanding electricity are planned to be done, and also they do not accept any international scrutiny of voluntary domestic measure especially for voluntarily group unfunded by international finance. However, they have given some flexibility to these unsupported efforts to monitoring based on the international guideline under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) which is also applicable to the supported efforts for their MRV (Monitoring, Reporting and Verification) in India.

Beside that, White house has made announcement on their proposal of funding 350 Million US Dollars over five years to supply developing nations with clean energy technology including sun-powered lanterns, supply of cleaner equipment and appliances and etc. This in-kind fund gives much benefits to developing countries in which some of them do not have such technology to invent it. US only finance for 85 million from this total fund and the remaining comes from Australia, Britain, Netherlands, Norway and Switzerland.

In related to the climate fund, Norway and Mexico proposed a Green Fund to finance climate efforts in developing countries. They suggested that the funds should come from public budget and auctioning of emissions credit or allowances. Tentatively, the fund would start around 10 billion per year by 2013 and increase to 30 to 40 billion dollar by 2020.

Abu Mardhiyyah

International Islamic University of Malaysia

Day 7: Short report (COP15 UN Climate Change Conference)

2009-12-14T23:24:00.006+08:00

Day 7: Roundup Discussion

The announcement made by US and EU on the emission cut does not impress a lot to the scientists. It is too low to achieve the target that Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has set which is ranging from 25-40% to keep global temperature increase below 2 degrees (3.5 F), as compared to the emission level that US and EU pledge to cut around 3 to 4% and 20% respectively by 2020 from 1990 levels. IPCC’s emission cut target does not include the highly potential threat of methane from the Arctic’s thawing permafrost which may require further emission cut if it is counted for reckoning it. Therefore, IPCC has recommended the climate talks should focus on the long-term commitment rather than the short-term which is unlikely to be a main concern of rich countries over the demand from the developing countries. This concern is exactly goes in line with the opinion of Di-Aiping and He Yafei who observe that the rich countries must look forward and provide a long term financing mechanism to developing countries if they are really serious to mitigate climate change problems. This statement is certainly gives much more pressure to developed countries along this climate talks. In addition to that, African Union threatens to scupper the deal if their concerns including the demands for compensation for the effect of global warming are not well-addressed by the rich countries. This intimidation has received assurance from China where they won’t sign any climate change agreement in Copenhagen if the African requests are not met accordingly.

On the other hand, among the countries that are seriously affected by the climate changes is Bangladesh. In this climate talks, Bangladesh request 15% of any climate fund should go to them as to cope with climate change problems that is approximately 15% of world climate change victims is living in their country. When the fund offered to Bangladesh by development partners on bilateral basis to fight climate change becomes operational, the government might let the World Bank manage the fund for a short term as per a condition set by the development partners.

Abu Mardhiyyah

International Islamic University of Malaysia

Day 6: Short report (COP15 UN Climate Change Conference)

2009-12-14T18:21:00.006+08:00

Day 6: Roundup Discussion

In summary of sixth day discussion of COP15, Lumumba Stanislaus Di-Aiping (right picture), who represents the Group of 77 (G-77) that walked out in anger from a consultation meeting with UN representatives last Friday has made a clear statement that he is not satisfied with the amount of fund that EU has pledge to give to developing countries for their emission reduction activities. Moreover, the fund which is allocated for the short-term period only starting from 2010 to 2012 shows the failure of EU to provide a long term financing mechanism, in where the Chinese vice Foreign Minister, He Yafei is also worried about.

Africans' Demand

On the other hand, 50 African countries have proposed a demand of 5 per cent from the rich countries’ GDP together with the request of emission reduction from 50 per cent by 2017 which they have made before to 65 per cent by 2020. Undoubtedly, it is very ambitious demand from these 50 African countries that lead by Meles Zenawi, Ethiopian Prime Minister and African Union Climate negotiator, but certainly it is really tough to developed countries to accept it. It is not because they are not affordable to follow it but the chronology of this conference before and current situations have proven that they are not yet ready to scarify their interest for the world interest. People around the world are just listening to the promise or hint of promise by the leaders of developed countries but yet no significant efforts and scarify have been made so far to show the seriousness of developed countries to address these climate change issues. In addition to that, Meles Zenawi has shown his concern and worry for this conference is not on emissions per se but rather to the financial aids that the developed countries will to give up for developing countries. Africa has demanded billions of dollars in compensation from rich countries to cope with climate change. It contributes just four percent of the world's total greenhouse gases, yet it is the continent most ravaged by the effects of global warming. Thus, the fund is really needed to cope with the climate change at this continent. The costs of this effort, according to a study by the UK-based Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment, are expected to increase by more than 50 to 100 billions of dollars a year by 2020.

Abu Mardhiyyah

International Islamic University of Malaysia

Day 5: Short report (COP15 UN Climate Change Conference)

2009-12-14T13:03:00.006+08:00

Day 5: Roundup discussion

The fifth day of discussion in UN Climate Change conference in Copenhagen has shown some progress in term of amount of funding that the developed countries like US or EU is willing to commit for this effort of climate change mitigation in the developing countries. At this junction, EU has eventually agreed on Friday to commit 2.4 billion euro (3.6 billion US) a year until 2012 to help poor countries particularly in Africa in adaptation to the effects of global warming. However, the smaller Eastern EU is reluctant to contribute into this fund due to their struggle to combat the implication of economic meltdown like increasing government debt and high unemployment which become priority to be addressed in their country more than the climate change issues. Out of this total fund, countries like Germany, Britain and French have contributed almost 20 per cent for each of them to this fund, in which according to Yvo de Boer, Executive Secretary of UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, is major boost to the talks in this conference. In addition, EU has pledged to cut its emission by 30 per cent of 1990 levels by 2020 but with a condition that other leading polluters like China and US have to make comparable commitments first. This is according to the statement made by EU Commission President, Jose Manuel Barroso recently. Other countries like Japan has also made their pledge as conditional in where if the Kyoto Protocol is extended without setting emission reduction goals to US and China, they will back out of country pledge (25 per cent cut in carbon emission by 2020 compared with 1990 level).

Further detail, you may go to this link

Abu Mardhiyyah

International Islamic University of Malaysia

Copenhagen: World's Leaders discussion on Climate Change Mitigation

2009-12-13T12:12:00.005+08:00

Any information about the conference and latest info, please click this link

I try my best to update the latest info on the discussion going around in this conference from time to time and try to make summary on it..the discussion has started since 6 days before, the debate still going on and no conclusive solution has yet been made so far but many developed countries are under pressured from the urge of developing countries (G-77) lead by Lumumba Stanislaus Di-Aping, negotiator for 130 developing countries, to provide such considerable amount of fund to be spent on adaptation to and mitigation of global warming in developing countries. For your information, the conference in brief is initiated to culminate years of negotiation which is centered on two pillars: emissions reductions and financial aid for developing countries to adapt to climate changes....thereby, will the EU,US, Japan and other developed countries accept this negotiation and its objectives thereof...??? let's wait and see the result........stay up with me..

Read this article to get some idea why the COP15 is very important....

Trends in international climate research since the IPCC’s latest report

One of the trends of climate research is that it increasingly spreads into other areas than natural science, technology and economics. Social and humanistic research has increasingly begun to address the consequences for society and humans.

Ministry of Climate and Energy of Denmark

Climate research in recent years has to a very great degree supported the overall conclusions of the IPCC’s latest synthesis report: that global warming is a reality, and that a significant factor is the emission of greenhouse gases as a result of human activities. If anything, there is a trend towards a view that the IPCC’s predictions were too cautious. One example is the Arctic sea ice, which in recent years has seen seasonal melting at a far greater speed than was predicted in the IPCC’s latest synthesis report. The same applies to the amount of ice that has melted from the Greenland ice sheet.

Another example is the annual Global Carbon Budget (an estimate of the quantity of greenhouse gases emitted, and how much is being absorbed by the sea or disappearing from the atmosphere by other means), which is compiled by the Global Carbon Project. In September 2008 the budget for 2007 was published. It showed that the quantity of greenhouses gases is increasing faster than in even the most carbon-intensive scenario in the IPCC’s standard scenarios from 2001. At present work is being carried out in scientific circles on new standard scenarios for the IPCC’s next report, which is to show in particular how global greenhouse gas emissions and thereby global warming can be restricted.

Another trend is for climate research increasingly to spread into areas other than natural science, technology and economics. At the same time as global warming has become the subject of global political and commercial focus, social and humanistic research has increasingly begun to address the consequences of a changing climate for society and humans.

http://en.cop15.dk/climate+facts/research/trends+in+international+climate+research

Kuliah: I loVe tHe SunNaH

2009-12-08T10:48:00.002+08:00

please come and join us.............

Talk: Climate Change and Development in the 21st Century

2009-12-07T16:09:00.003+08:00

Kulliyyah of Economics and Management Sciences, IIUM

And

Academic Staff Association, IIUM

Cordially invite you to a

SPECIAL TALK

Topic: Climate Change and Development in the 21^st Century

Speaker:Dr. Jomo K.S.
Assistant Secretary General for Economic Development, United Nations' Dept. of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA), New York

At

11.00 am -12.30 pm, Tuesday, 8^th December

Conference Room, Level 3, KENMS.

****************************************************

Jomo K. S. was Professor in the Applied Economics Department, Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya until November 2004, and was on the Board of the United Nations Research Institute on Social Development (UNRISD), Geneva (2002-4). He is Founder Chair of IDEAs, International Development Economics Associates (www.ideaswebsite.org). In 2007, he was awarded the Wassily Leontief Prize for Advancing the Frontiers of Economic Thought. During 2008-2009 he serves as adviser to the President of the 63^rd UN General Assembly and a member of the (Stiglitz) Commission of Experts on Reforms of the International Monetary and Financial System.

He received his tertiary education at Yale and Harvard and has taught at USM (1974), Harvard (1974-5), Yale (1977), UKM (1977-82), UM(1982-2004), and Cornell (1993). He has also been a Visiting Fellow at Cambridge University (1987-8; 1991-2) and was Visiting Senior Research Fellow at the Asia Research Institute, NUS (2004).He has authored over 35 monographs, edited over 50 books and translated 11 volumes besides writing many academic papers and articles for the media. He is on the editorial boards of several learned journals.

INTIS Sifat Solat Camp and Funeral Management Course 2009- revolution begins...woww!!!

2009-12-04T03:19:00.009+08:00

I brought to you our yearly most waited program organized by INTIS Consultant and Training, new module and fresh idea........sure gempaq punya !!!! come and join us..

Kem Solat dan Pengurusan Jenazah 2009

Tarikh:

25 – 27 Disember 2009 (Jumaat – Ahad)

Tempat:

Masjid As-syakirin, Gombak

MAKLUMAT PROGRAM

Program ini memupuk kesedaran di kalangan pelajar tentang kepentingan akidah dan bahaya syirik. Selain itu, program ini mendedakan peserta secara teori dan praktikal solat serta pengurusan jenazah mengikut conton nabi s.a.w. Peserta juga akan di dedahkan dengan adab-adab yang di ajarkan nabi dalam kehidupan seharian seperti makan, tidur, dan sebagainya.

PENDAFTARAN

Yuran peserta = RM80.00 seorang

35 orang peserta lelaki ( 12-18 tahun)

35 orang peserta perempuan( 12-18 tahun)

Barangan yang perlu dibawa- pakaian untuk belajar, solat, bersukan dan tidur. Bantal, selimut, toto (tilam tidak disediakan), peralatan mandi dan alat tulis. Alat tulis.

Tidak digalakkan membawa barang berharga untuk mengelakkan kecurian.

MAKLUMAT LANJUT

Sekiranya terdapat sebarang masalah atau ingin membuat pendaftaran, bolehlah menghubungi wakil pihak kami melalui

1- saudara fathi (pendaftaran peserta lelaki) di talian 0193652864 atau

2- saudari ummil ulfah (pendaftaran peserta perempuan) di talian 0133087012.

Terima Kasih atas kerjasama anda.

Pembayaran boleh dibuat melalui akaun Bank Islam atas nama

Muhamad Hafizi Mihzan Bin Zaidon ( akaun khas program):

14-162-02-014192- 0 (Bank Islam)

Perhatian :

Kepada peserta yang membuat bayaran yuran melalui akaun bank islam, di harap dapat memaklumkan kepada pihak kami dengan lebih awal untuk kelancaran pengurusan dan salinan slip pembayaran beserta boring ini hendaklah di bawa pada hari pendaftaran.

Alamat tempat program : Masjid as-syakirin, Batu 5 1/2 Jalan Gombak, Taman Gombak Jaya, 53000 Kuala Lumpur

(Berdekatan Balai Polis Gombak)

Tarikh Tutup Pendaftaran: Isnin 21 Disember 2009

Klik di sini untuk memuat turun borang penyertaan

http://intisonline. files.wordpress. com/2009/ 12/kem-solat- n-jenazah. pdf

Tentatif Program:

TENTATIF PROGRAM

.25 Disember 2009, Jumaat
03.00 pm : Pendaftaran
04.00 pm : Taklimat program kepada peserta
04.30 pm : Solat Asar
05.00 pm : Ice-breaking
06.00 pm : Khidmat Diri
06.30 pm : Makan malam
07.00 pm : Solat Maghrib
07.30 pm : Kuliah Akidah
08.30 pm : Solat Isya’
09.00 pm : LDK 1- Thaharah
10.30 pm : Minum malam
11.00 pm : Zikir dan doa tidur
11.15 pm : Tidur

26 Disember 2009, Sabtu
04.45 am : Bangun dan khidmat diri
05.00 am : Qiamullail
06.00 am : Solat Subuh
06.30 am : Halaqah al-Quran
07.00 am : Riadhah
07.45 am : Sarapan
08.00 am : Khidmat Diri
08.15 am : LDK 2- Solat
09.30 am : Rehat
10.00 am : LDK 3- solat dan solat jenazah
11.15 am : LDK 4- Adab-adab seharian
12.00 pm : Rehat
12.30 pm : Makan tengahari
12.45 pm : Khidmat diri
01.15 pm : Solat Zuhur
02.00 pm : LDK 5- mandi jenazah dan kafan
04.00 pm : Rehat dan minum petang
04.20 pm : Solat Asar
05.00 pm : Riadhah
06.00 pm : Khidmat diri
06.30 pm : Makan malam
07.00 pm : Solat Maghrib
07.30 pm : Kuliah- Anak Soleh
08.30 pm : Solat Isya’
09.00 pm : LDK 6- adab-adab seharian
09.20 pm : Presentation adab-adab seharian
10.30 pm : Minum malam
11.00 pm : Zikir dan Adab Tidur
11.15 pm : Tidur

27 Disember 2009, Ahad
04.45 am : Bangun dan khidmat diri
05.00 am : Qiamullail
06.00 am : Solat Subuh
06.30 am : Muraja’ah
07.30 am : CURHAT (Curahan Hati)
07.45 am : Khidmat diri
08.00 am : Minum pagi
08.30 am : Test 1 (Praktikal Wudhu, solat dan solat jenazah)
09.30 am : Rehat
10.00 am : Game jenazah
11.30 am : Ujian bertulis
12.00 pm : Rehat
12.30 pm : Makan tengahari
12.45 pm : Khidmat diri
01.15 pm : Solat Zuhur
02.00 pm : Majlis penutup
02.30 pm : Penyerahan kad laporan
03.30 pm : Bersurai

Untuk sebarang update tentang program layari http://intisonline. wordpress. com

Rohingya...what is it???

2009-12-04T02:42:00.003+08:00

This article I posted in my blog purposively to refresh your mind about this neglected issue of some Muslims minority called Rohingya which have been treated badly and considered as an international illegal refugees within their land and outside, though it has been on the lips of people for more than decades but yet it is still remain unresolved problem..i call upon all of you to show your support for this issue as many of non-Muslims organization which give even much more concern than Muslims to them, as Allah has said in His noble book that Muslim need to help the other muslim for a good and peity purposes and try to avoid assisting on the other things which bring evil and destruction..this article would highlight some of the efforts which have been done by several countries including Indonesia and Australia in order to provide solution for this group of people from remain oppresing by some irresponsible people....you may see some article about this innocent people through this following links:

1- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rohingya_people
2- http://www.rohingya.org/
3- The Muslim “Rohingya” of Burma

For Refugees, Australia Should Rethink the ‘Indonesia Solution’

In January, Australians saw shocking photos of young, emaciated men washing up on the shores of Sumatra. Australian television showed these Rohingyas, members of a Muslim ethnic minority systematically mistreated by Burma’s military regime, describing how Thai authorities beat them and pushed them back out to sea. Video footage captured the Thai navy appearing to tow the men out to sea in their rickety boats. The world was horrified.

Fast forward to last week, when boat people were once again on our TV screens. On Oct. 18, an Australian naval vessel rescued a boatload of Sri Lankans in international waters (though Indonesia’s search and rescue area) and transferred them to a customs boat, which is now trying to set them ashore in Indonesia.

What happened to the Rohingya earlier this year should make Australians think twice about the “Indonesian Solution.” Australia’s policy toward asylum seekers should be based on humane treatment and protecting the vulnerable, not politically expedient efforts to airbrush asylum seekers from television screens by herding them into remote camps.

In January and February almost 400 Rohingya and Bangladeshis landed on Indonesia’s shores. Despite the decades of discrimination and abuse faced by Rohingya in Burma, the Indonesian government initially claimed they were all “economic migrants” and threatened to deport them. It even blocked access to the office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.

It took until April for a team that included the UN refugee agency to begin to process their claims. In May, the team reported to journalists that most were Rohingyas who had legitimate asylum claims. Up until now, they have been detained in squalid makeshift camps. In one, where reports emerged of guards beating camp residents, many have escaped and disappeared. The others remain in limbo, but no longer in the media spotlight. Ten months later they are largely forgotten.

When the Rohingya stories hit the headlines earlier this year, regional leaders held emergency discussions on the fringes of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations Summit. At the time, Human Rights Watch called for a regional solution to address refugees. Lip service was paid to this goal, but instead the Rohingya were relegated to the Bali Process, a regional scheme driven by Australia and Indonesia with the main goal of preventing people smuggling, human trafficking and other transnational crime.

On Feb. 20 Australia’s foreign minister, Stephen Smith, in a joint news conference with the Indonesian foreign minister in Sydney, welcomed “very much that the Bali Process will deal with the Rohingyas issue.” But by treating the Rohingya as smuggled migrants instead of asylum seekers, Australia and others fail to address the human rights abuses from which the Rohingya flee in Burma and the need for refugee protection in host countries.

The same issues are arising with the Sri Lankan boat people.

Sri Lanka has just come out of a brutal armed conflict, where war crimes were committed by both government forces and the separatist Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. Ethnic Tamils bore the brunt of the abuses from both sides. Since the war ended in May, a quarter of a million Tamil civilians have been unlawfully locked up in camps.

Some media reports allege the 78 Sri Lankans were recognized as refugees years ago in Indonesia and were awaiting resettlement. If that’s true, this is further evidence that Australia and Indonesia should treat the asylum seekers as people with rights, and not merely as the smugglers’ cargo.

If Australia is to exert pressure on Jakarta, it should do so with the aim of persuading Indonesia to sign the 1951 Refugee Convention — something Indonesia has pledged to do since 2004.

In the meantime, Indonesia offers no long-term solution for refugees. While Australia does resettle a good proportion of refugees from Indonesia, the process is slow and the numbers are very small — only 448 have been admitted since 2001.

Australia did the right thing in rescuing the 78 Sri Lankans. The Rudd government should now do the next right thing in processing their asylum claims, rather than shunting them around as a symbol to show the Australian public that this government can be as tough as its predecessor.

Elaine Pearson is the deputy director of the Asia Division at Human Rights Watch. This article also appears at The Interprete r at www.lowyinterpreter.org.

http://thejakartaglobe.com/opinion/for-refugees-australia-should-rethink-the-indonesia-solution/340175

MaklumatTerkini Daurah 2009 (Sila Baca)

2009-11-23T14:50:00.005+08:00

IKHWAH YANG DIRAHMATI SEKALIAN!

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

Assalamualaikum,

DAORAH (ANJURAN IHYA' ULUM RESOURCES) 2009

DI ATAS SEBAB-SEBAB YANG TAK DAPAT DIELAKKAN DAORAH 2009 INI TERPAKSA KAMI TANGGUHKAN KEPADA SATU MASA YANG AKAN KAMI BERITAHUKAN NANTI.

KAMI MEMOHON MAAF SEBESAR-BESARNYA DI ATAS KESULITAN YANG TIMBUL DESEBABKAN OLEH PENANGGUHAN INI, SESIAPA IKHWAH YANG INGIN MENDAPATKAN KETERANGAN LANJUT HUBUNGI KAMI DI:

35-A, Jalan Cokmar 1, Taman Mutiara, Bukit Raja Off Jalan Meru, 41050 Klang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.

Tel: 03-33448135 T/Bimbit: 016-209 1531

Untuk maklumat lanjut, sila rujuk: http://ihyaulumwahyu.wordpress.com/2009/10/28/39/#more-39

Future of Islamic Economic

2009-11-19T08:08:00.001+08:00

Islamic economics thus has a long way to go before it may be able to be a distinct economic discipline. Continuous work need to be done from one generation over the other through a consistent framework and tasks. More literatures and compositions need to be done whether they are purposively to introduce, criticize or reject the idea of one person to another, as long as it is used to improve the idea, they are mostly welcomed to be presented. Many dimensions in the Islamic economic need to be explore further to strengthen the basis of the ideas and practice. Operationalization of the theory should take place in reality where the scholars of Islamic economics are required to contributing directly on the policy recommendation of each issue happen in the Muslim countries in particular or world in general. The suggestion should be well-constructed so that the impact of such policy would arrive to the acceptance of the Islamic economic as an alternative of the modern economic thoughts among economic players around the globe. Each task should be sincerely being done in order to receive the blessing from Allah, but not for the intention of getting popularity in this arena.

World is facing crisis continuously from one year to another. Many issues occur are considered to be the weakness of the present system to remain unresilient of being a mere solution to any economic problem. Thus, scholars from Islamic economics should take this opportunity to come out with many solutions from the Islamic point of view. Learning from the past, we can observe that many economic theories are founded based on the issue that happen surrounding them. Keynesian came out with his theory as a reaction of the great depression 1930s. Then later on, the idea is evolved from the next generation and finally become one economic thought. This situation should also be the same things to Islamic economics. We can not develop one theory or paradigm if there is nothing happen around which we can operationalize such theory. Theory according to my opinion should come as a reaction of a particular event. Then we can claim such theory as practical theory, but not just merely an idea but remain useless or unpractical.

The development of the Islamic economics should be going along the years as a response of the events. The critique of the idea or solution upon the economic event would rather make the discipline become more matured and complete. Sometimes, action needs to be taken first when a clear guidance is not there, but then we learn from the mistakes from others people’s comments and it goes better for the next time after adjustment or improvement is made. The starters of the new things sometimes are good to make people aware of what to be done and how it should be done. A rapid development of Islamic banking on my opinion, on one side it is very good because people are now starting to criticize its work and start to reopen back the Islamic heritage to ensure the validity and the permissibility of doing thing. People get up to react when the issue is happen, and that is how the human being is basically learning in his life.

As a conclusion, work of improvement not justly merely a critic should remain done by all people. This is also part of our great contribution to the ummah, there are no other people who want to come to save our religion and its followers from being oppressed and abused except those who are true believers of the almighty of Allah. Let us be a part of this strive and ready to be a small soldier in working hard in getting back our empire and domination of the world to a reality, and I stress in here that economic is our way to go and its has a great potential to bring us to achieve this noble goal. May we be among the successors of this field.

Abu Mardhiyyah (Undergraduate Student)

Department of Economics

International Islamic University of Malaysia

Research on Islamic Economic, how far have we gone?? (Short Comment)

2009-11-18T12:25:00.003+08:00

Literature and composition play very important role in constructing the Islamic economics theory and practices. All of the theory or suggestions on the implementation of Islamic economics are written by many academician, practitioners etc to express their opinions on this matter. Many critiques on the Islamic Economic are done through appraising on the literatures and evaluating the impacts of those compositions with the development of Islamic Economic to the Muslim society in particular as well as to the world community. The focus of writing on the Islamic economic over the past two decades has shown the patchwork of some academicians to introduce the Islamic Economic concepts within a neo-classical framework, or else make minor adjustment on it (Zaman, n.d). Therefore, such things cannot be a basis of a paradigm shift. We should have our own theory that is constructed independently from any conventional economic thoughts, though it might not all the time to be different, but spending our time too much in critically evaluating others economic thoughts will bring some of our economists to conclude a slight technical change on the graph to make it permissible from the Islamic point of view, and discarding the basis of such theory is constructed.

Another important critique arose by (Zaman, n.d) on the aspect of operationalizing the concept. There are many works have been done on the radical concepts underline by Islam to be used as a guideline in constructing the Islamic Economic, but yet the means of operationalizing these concepts are not offered. The issue of operationalization is more actively being done on the area of Islamic finance but yet the economic theory that has been proposed is not yet come into reality.

These two important critiques should be well-observed by the Islamic economists, so that the continuation of the job of one generation over the others are remained consistent. No overlapping job will ever be created to minimize the mistakes and wasted times, in order to insure the development is in progressive mode not regressive.

Reference:

Asad Zaman, “Islamic economics: Problem and Prospects”, retrieved fromhttp://www.pafkiet.edu.pk/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=fDo/qxwBFao%3D&tabid=152&mid=1553

Abu Mardhiyyah (Undergraduate Student)

Department of Economics

International Islamic University of Malaysia

Daurah 2009 (Ihya' Ulum Wahyu Resources)

2009-11-12T09:04:00.001+08:00

Daurah 2009

5-6 Disember 2009

Auditorium Daeng Chelak

Muzium Sultan Alam Shah

Yuran: RM 70.00 (Orang Awam)

RM 55.00 (Pelajar)

Tarikh Tutup Penyertaan: 20 November 2009

Hubungi: Adi Negara (016-2091531)

Junaidi (016-2879831)

Nawawi (013-3701152)

--Jom Kita Berdaurah--

Do we need Methodology in Islamic Economic??

2009-11-11T09:58:00.002+08:00

Another area on the Islamic economic which have been said to be neglected or paying less attention by the Islamic Economists is on the methodological studies. Scholars, such as Nasr, Sardar, Choudhury, Haneef view the lack of methodological studies in Islamic economics leading to dependence directly or indirectly on the methodology of conventional economics (Hafas & Haneef, 2009). Thus, without a proper methodology that used to be followed on developing the Islamic Economic, the current Islamic economic study is just a piecemeal application of mainstream methods to emergent Muslim thought and societies (Choudhury, 1999). This is exactly inline with the critiques made by the Asad Zaman (n.d) where the current discussion of Islamic economic are moving around the neo-classical framework only, and some scholars argued that it is due to the unclear of methodologies to produce Islamic economic theories (Hafas & Haneef, 2009).

The issue of methodology is being discussed and indirectly took place as a response of the Islamization of Knowledge (IOK) that has been initiated in the 1960s which linked the backwardness of the Muslim countries to the lack of Islamic knowledge in different disciplines. It has been followed by a specific idea of Islamization to the area of economic. In 1976, the first international conference on Islamic economics system held in Makkah. The idea of integrating the Islamic heritage with the modern knowledge is seem to be pivotal to address the problem of malaise of the Ummah and educational system. However, such work of synthesis requires certain methodology to ensure the theory derived from both field will be obliged toward certain standard that is agreed by all Muslim academicians.

The prevalent methodologies whether comes from the Islamic heritage or from modern knowledge are totally different due to complete distinct of nature and worldview from both fields. Therefore, the adjustment must be made from both sides to conclude one methodology that is founded under one-sided worldview i.e Islamic worldview but harmonize with the practicality of modern knowledge. The reasons of putting a great emphasis on methodology, according to Haneef and Hafas (2009);

Without a proper methodology of Islamic Economics this task could not be done properly, and we might be trapped again by imitating conventional vision and values of economic.
Islamic economics will have its own criteria for theory appraisal since its sources of knowledge are not limited to human reasoning and fact observation but also importantly based on revelation.
Methodology is not only concern in how to create a theory, but it also concern how to proof the theory created is reliable and applicable in real life. This is what is needed in Islamic economics though it may have normative aspects but yet the theory should be appraised to test on its applicability.
Islamic economics methodology is important to link the ontological aspect of Islamic economics that constitute the ideals and principles of Islamic economics to the axiological aspect (ethics) which is a practical application of Islamic economics through the epistemological aspect of Islamic economics.
Islamic economics methodology aims to lay down the scientific operational process of Islamic economics as a discipline so that the gaps in Islamic economic studies can be eliminated.

There are still many works need to be done in order to come out with one methodology that can be a guideline to the work of integration of both knowledge. Work of IOK is not merely emphasizing on the methodology to arrive on the new paradigm shift. The aspect of mastery of knowledge is pivotal in any dimension of the integration taken place. The understanding of both epistemologies will lead to a clear picture of the final outcome of the synthesis process, lack of understanding on one side of epistemology will go to underestimate or overestimate the theory and practice.

References:

Asad Zaman, “Islamic economics: Problem and Prospects”, retrieved fromhttp://www.pafkiet.edu.pk/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=fDo/qxwBFao%3D&tabid=152&mid=1553
Choudhury, Masudul Alam, (1999), Islamic economics and Islamic political economy, Humanomics, 25 (5), 1-5.
Mohammad Aslam Haneef & Hafas Furqani, (2009), “Methodology: a fundamental Missing Dimension in 30 years of Research in Islamic Economics”, International Conference on Islamic Economics and Economies of the OIC countries 2009.

Abu Mardhiyyah (Undergraduate Student)

Department of Economic

International Islamic University of Malaysia (IIUM)

The Development of Islamic Economic

2009-11-10T08:27:00.001+08:00

Historically, the discussion of economic had already played on the lips of the great scholars and also well-written on the literatures. Though they did not use economic terminologies like inflation, recession and unemployment etc, but their works were actually addressing those issues. All of the problems arose on the earth of Muslim community had been well-addressed by them through effective solutions rooted by the principle guided by teaching of Qur’an and Sunnah. A large number of past scholars including Abu Yusof (d. 182/798), al-Mas’udi (d. 346/957), al-Mawardi (d. 450/1058), Ibn Hazm (d. 456/1064), al-Sarakhsi (d. 483/1090), al-Tusi (d. 485/1093), al-Ghazali (d. 505/1111), Ibn Taymiyyah (d. 728/1328), Ibn al-Ukhuwwah (d. 729/1329), Ibn al-Qayyim (d. 751/1350), al-Shatibi (d. 790/1388), Ibn Khaldun (d. 808/1406), al-Maqrizi (d. 845/1442), al-Dawwani (d. 906/1501), and Shah Waliyullah (d. 1176/1762) made valuable contribution over the centuries (Chapra, 2001).

In the late centuries of 20^th, the works of constructing Islamic economic into a discipline like others economic thought was done actively. The convening of the first International Conference on Islamic Economics in 1976 had shown to be catalyst of all others following works on Islamic economic rightly upon the foundation such as definitions, theories and practices are constructed gradually. During the initial years, the subject was discussed in general terms in a broader context of religion and sociology (Iqbal and Ali, 2007). The manifestation of Islamic economics, however, ended up mainly in the financial sector which experienced rapid growth and became global phenomenon in a short time (Habib, 2009).

There were so many works have been done previously in the initial years of Islamic economics. However, many critiques have been forwarded upon that works recently that made up upon the entire dimension of Islamic economics. The lack of sound theoretical and empirical foundations of Islamic economics has raised censure from critics and concerns from proponents (Habib, 2009). This can be proven by the statement of Kuran (1995), where he asserts that Islamic economics does not have a comprehensive framework for modern economy and as such, the experiment of Islamic economic has established isolated institutions creating an Islamic sub-economy. Similarly, Khan points out the disconnection between theory and practice in Islamic economics.

Therefore, the following discussion will be explained further on few areas under the Islamic economics that have been critiqued by many scholars in which they are not intentionally to condemn it but rather request for further improvement on that area in the future.

References:

Mohammad Umar Chapra, “What is Islamic Economics?” Retrieved fromhttp://irtipms.org/PubDetE.asp?pub=66
Munawar Iqbal & Salman Syed Ali, Advances in Islamic Economics and Finance, retrieved from http://irtipms.org/PubDetE.asp?pub=230&search=advances%20in%20Islamic%20Economic&mode=allwords
Habib Ahmed, “Islamization of Economics and Knowledge: A new Instituional Economics’ Perspective”, International Conference on Islamic Economics and Economies of the OIC countries 2009, p.3

Abu Mardhiyyah (Undergraduate Student)

Department of Economic

International Islamic University of Malaysia (IIUM)

Scope of Islamic Economic

2009-11-09T09:52:00.001+08:00

The issue of subject matters in Islamic economics is pivotal in determining the area of discussion. If the scope is not clear, it would rather give a difficult task to the economists to construct Islamic economics into a full-fledged discipline and multiple works done are fruitless because the goal of all the works are not concentrated towards one objective. This is not merely an issue of unclear subject matter of Islamic economics, but rather the continuous efforts will be difficult to be done by the later generation toward developing the Islamic economics systems into reality.

According to Ramzan Akhtar (1), most of the Muslim economists have proposed a wider scope of Islamic economics on the basis of comprehensive and integrated viewpoint of human life. Some economists, like Ahmad, has relatively make comparison between the secular economic and the Islamic economic in term of the scope of the later is more global and holistic, in which takes place at both levels, horizontal as well as vertical or inter-temporal.

In the work of defining the scope of Islamic economics, Mohsin Khan (1983) has proposed also a wider scope of Islamic economic that encompasses a wide range set of issues, such as property rights, the incentives system, the allocation of resources, types of economic system, the system of economic decision-making and the proper role of government. Moreover, Mannan (1986) observed that Islamic economics is more restricted one, and in other sense where it is more comprehensive than modern economics. The restriction he means in here is the confinement of the Islamic economics’s foundation to the teaching of Qur’an and Sunnah, and certain laws apply in Islam will give rather a certain limitation of freedom of action in economic activity whether it goes to individual, at state level or others. However, he considers as well that Islamic economic is seem to be more comprehensive over the secular economics. It takes cognizance also to non-economic factor to the discussion including political, social, ethical and moral factors.

This idea seem to go parallel with Akram Khan (1983) where he found that the inclusion of many normative economics like preferring others over one’s own interest, looking after orphans and etc, lead to its scope to be more wider and comprehensive.

In my humble opinion, the discussion of economic related to trade, economic policy of fiscal and monetary, economics of zakat, resources management, economic problems of recession, unemployment, inflation etc, and then the Islamic finance and all are under this area are considered to be the crux of the discussion in Islamic economics, where the others elements attached to the economics are indirectly being discussed, as the scope of economics are interrelated of one to another. All of these discussions are lying upon the area of muamalat in Islam. The scope of mualamat that previously talk mostly about trade, sale, contract etc. should be broaden to the other critical dimension of economics issues as well, where they are more applicable discussion and updated to the contemporary needs and wants. This area must be also paid a great attention by many religious scholars because we do need both people who have knowledge about modern economy to be integrated with the group of people that are knowledgeable in Islamic heritage. Calling both parties into this discussion would ensure the theory and practices that we try construct going in line with the Shariah rules and regulations.

References:

Muhammad Ramzan Akhtar, “Definition, Nature and Scope of Islamic Economics”, retrieved from http://www.financeinislam.com/article/1_36/1/398
Khan, Akram, M. (1983), “Islamic Economics: Nature and Need” Journal of Research in Islamic Economics, Volume 1, No. 2, p. 55
Mannan, M.A., “Islamic Economics: Theory and Practice” (Cambridge: The Islamic Academy, revised ed., 1986), pp.425.

Abu Mardhiyyah (Undergraduate Student)
Department of Economic
International Islamic University of Malaysia (IIUM)

Introduction to Islamic Economic; From Realistic to Idealistic

2009-11-08T17:33:00.001+08:00

Islamic Economic has emerged explicitly as one of the discipline in the academic arena purposively constructed to serve as an alternative of present economic system. Tremendous effort has been made by many scholars from the past indirectly to the present directly concerning on the construction of theory based on the foundation given by Islam.

The systematic thinking about Islam and economics by professional economists has a short story as compared to the earlier remarkable period of distinguished scholarship on various areas concerning sciences and humanities in the Muslim world (Abbas, 2007). Thus, the present day perspectives of the first three decades of the development of Islamic economics, the published literature and writing on the Islamic economic in various languages indicate the infancy of this discipline in constructing its own model or modified version of conventional economic (Abbas, 2007).

The development of Islamic Economic into a full-fledged has not yet achieved as it is expected, but works on this discipline are actively being done by many Muslim academician. There are still many area of research need to be done to cover the holes of all dimensions in Islamic Economic, so that it can be able to be an alternative of the conventional economic thoughts and practices, which is moving closely from realistic to idealistic.

Islamic Economic: Paradigm and Definition

Islamic economic has certain paradigm that distinguish its foundation with the others economic systems. It concerns on the socio-economic justice as its primary objectives as a reflection of man’s responsibility upon the resources on the earth (Chapra, 2001). Man’s responsibility is considered as a trust (amanah) that will be questioned during the day of judgement. Thus, man is not allowed to maximize his wealth and consumption as a mere goal of his life while at the same time oppressing the others’ right. The idea of more is always better than less is not necessarily good under all circumstances, as conventional economics stands with, while gaining more is better than less is also not denied to be always bad in all circumstances. If the increase, according to Chapra (2001) can be attained without weakening the moral fibre of society, raising anomie like drug addict, alcoholic etc, and harming the ecological balance, then more may be better than less.

Islam is a religion that promotes balance in all of its teachings regardless ritual aspect of worshipping, worldly action, ethics and moral conduct. The transgression of one aspect to the limit determined by Islam would rather cause someone to do injustice to him self, and so on digression from it would apply the same implications. All the things must be put accordingly as to conformity of the social justice concept in their life.

The assertion of religious-ethic based economic including the element of justice is paid a great concern in most of the definition of Islamic Economics, such as:

1. Islamic economics may be defined as that branch of knowledge which helps realize human well-being through an allocation and distribution of scarce resources that is in conformity with Islamic teachings without unduly curbing individual freedom or creating continued macroeconomic and ecological imbalances (Chapra, 2001).

2. Islamic economic is the knowledge and application of injunctions and rules of the Shariah that prevent injustice in the acquisition and disposal of material resources in order to provide satisfaction to human beings and enable them to perform their obligations to Allah and the society (Hasanuzzaman, 1984).

3. Islamics economics is a social science which studies the economic problem of a people imbued with the values of Islam (Mannan, 1986).

With the embodiment of all the teachings and Islamic values into the economic practice would ensure the ultimate goal (falah in worldly life and the life in hereafter) of all action can be achieved. The effort of realizing this goal is helping people to go on the right path, making a wise decision of consumption, production, allocation and distribution of all resources.

Therefore, the emphasis is given to the all works of constructing the theory of Islamic economics based on the modification, rejection and acceptance way of doing it. A new paradigm shift should not be a patchwork of other people work but rather it comes after doing a close investigation of other economic thoughts and constructs independently our economic theory and practice from them. Otherwise, Islamic economics would remain be criticized as an adjusted capitalism school.

Reference:

Abbas Mirakhor, A note on Islamic Economics, retrieved from http://irtipms.org/PubDetE.asp?pub=22
Mohammad Umar Chapra, “What is Islamic Economics?” Retrieved from http://irtipms.org/PubDetE.asp?pub=66
Hasannuzzaman, S.M. “Definition of Islamic Economics”, Journal of Research in Islamic Economics, Winter 1984, pp.51-53.
Mannan, M.A., “Islamic Economics: Theory and Practice” (Cambridge: The Islamic Academy, revised ed., 1986), pp.425.

Abu Mardhiyyah (Undergraduate Student)

Department of Economic

International Islamic University of Malaysia (IIUM)

Seminar on Zakat in Malaysia

2009-10-04T13:01:00.001+08:00

SEMINAR

ZAKAT IN MALAYSIA: STATUS, ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

Speaker: Dato’ Dr. Hj. Sohaimi Hj. Mohd. Salleh

Director General, JAWHAR

Prime Minister’s Department, Putrajaya

Discussant: Associate Prof. Syed Ghazali Wafa Syed Adham Wafa

University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi

Time/Day/Date: 2.15 pm- 4.45 pm

Tuesday, 13^th October 2009

Venue: KENMS Conference Room (Level 3)

Organised by Islamic Economics Unit, KENMS

in collaboration with

Pertubuhan Muafakat Sejahtera Masyarakat Malaysia (MUAFAKAT)

Free. Refreshments will be served. Those interested to attend please register with Norlin/Asma at ext.4778/ 4649 by Thursday, 8^th October 2009.

Syiah Dan Kesesatannya

2009-06-24T09:32:00.001+08:00

(Makluman Semua Post ni bukan penulis blog ni punya)

Posted: 22 Jun 2009 07:29 AM PDT

Akhir-akhir ini terdapat kecenderungan sebahagian umat Islam mencemuh dan mengutuk para sahabat Nabi r.hum. seperti Sayyidina Abu Bakar, Umar, Uthman dan lain-lain, bahkan lebih parah lagi melabelkan sahabat-sahabat tersebut sebagai munafiq dan kafir. Mereka melontarkan tuduhan bahawa sahabat menyembunyikan fakta-fakta penting agama dan juga menyelewengkan al-Quran.

Mereka meragui kebenaran dan kesahihan ajaran Islam yang ada pada hari ini kerana ianya dibawa oleh sahabat Nabi s.a.w yang dikatakan munafik dan kafir dan sebagai alternatif mereka cuba menampilkan satu bentuk ajaran lain (Syiah) yang kononnya datang dari anak cucu Nabi s.a.w. (Ahlul bait)

Risalah ini bertujuan untuk memberi maklumat dan penjelasan kepada masyarakat mengenai fahaman Syi‘ah* supaya mereka menjauhi dan tidak terpengaruh dengan fahaman tersebut dan juga bertujuan untuk menyedarkan mereka yang terbabit bahawa fahaman Syi‘ah adalah bercanggah dengan ajaran Islam yang sebenar.

"Individu yang dikatakan Imam oleh golongan Syiah sebenarnya tidak pernah mengaku menjadi imam atau mengajar segala ajaran yang dipegang oleh Syi’ah. Mereka diangkat sebagai Imam oleh golongan Syiah sebagaimana orang Kristian mengangkat Nabi Isa a.s. sebagai anak tuhan (walhal Nabi Isa a.s. sendiri tidak pernah mengaku menjadi anak tuhan)."

*Syi`ah ini dianuti secara meluas di Iran. Puak Hizbullah di bawah pimpinan Hasan Nasrallah yang kini diangkat sebagai pejuang Islam sebenarnya menganut fahaman Syi`ah

SIAPAKAH SYI‘AH?

Syi‘ah ialah golongan yang mendakwa Sayyidina ‘Ali lebih utama daripada sahabat-sahabat lain dan mereka mengkafirkan kesemua sahabat kecuali beberapa orang sahaja. Inilah perkara pokok yang membezakan golongan Syi‘ah daripada golongan-golongan yang lain.

Terdapat beberapa aliran di dalam Syi‘ah itu sendiri tetapi pada dasarnya masing-masing mempunyai konsep yang tersebut di atas iaitu mengkafirkan sahabat. Risalah ini akan memberikan tumpuan kepada Syi‘ah Imamiyyah Ithna ‘Asyariyyah (Syiah Imam 12) kerana kekeliruan yang timbul di dalam masyarakat sekarang ini ialah berhubung dengan Syi‘ah Imamiyyah Ithna ‘Asyariyyah. Syi‘ah inilah yang dipertikaikan oleh para ‘ulama’ di setiap tempat pada masa ini. Mereka adalah ramai bilangannya dan agak popular terutamanya selepas tercetusnya revolusi Iran.

SYI‘AH IMAMIYYAH ITHNA ‘ASYARIYYAH

Syi‘ah Imamiyyah Ithna ‘Asyariyyah ialah Syi‘ah yang mempercayai 12 orang imam yang dilantik oleh Allah secara berturutan seperti di bawah ini:-

1. ‘Ali bin Abi Talib (wafat 40 H)
2. Hasan bin ‘Ali (wafat 50 H)
3. Husain bin ‘Ali (wafat 61 H)
4. ‘Ali Zainal ‘Abidin bin Husain (wafat 94 H)
5. Muhammad al-Baqir bin ‘Ali Zainal ‘Abidin (wafat 117 H)
6. Ja‘far as-Sadiq bin Muhammad al-Baqir (wafat 148 H)
7. Musa al-Kazim bin Ja‘far as-Sadiq (wafat 183 H)
8. ‘Ali ar-Ridha bin Musa Kazim (wafat 202 H)
9. Muhammad al-Jawaad bin ‘Ali ar-Ridha (wafat 220 H)
10. ‘Ali bin Muhammad al-Jawaad (wafat 254 H)
11. Hasan bin ‘Ali al-‘Askari (wafat 260 H)
12. Muhammad bin Hasan al-‘Askari al-Mahdi

Muzakarah Jawatankuasa Fatwa Majlis Kebangsaan Bagi Hal Ehwal Agama Islam dalam keputusannya
yang bertarikh 5 Mei 1996 telah mewartakan kesesatan Syi‘ah dan mengharamkan pengamalannya di Malaysia.
Antara negeri yang telah mewarta dan mengharamkan Syi‘ah;

Selangor: 19 Januari 1998 W.Persekutuan:
3 April 1997
Terengganu:
25 September 1997
P. Pinang:
16 Januari 1997
N.Sembilan:
12 Mac 1998
Kelantan:
September 1987
Rujukan Lanjut:
www.islam.gov.my/e-rujukan/syiah.html
Lakaran Imam 12 Syi`ah
AMALAN-AMALAN DAN AJARAN SYI`AH YANG BERTENTANGAN DENGAN AGAMA DAN
FITRAH MANUSIA
(Bersumberkan Kitab-Kitab Syiah)
Tulisan di atas Kaabah Syiah ‘Ali Jaan’ yang bermaksud ‘Ali Adalah Kesayanganku’
Kaabah yang dibangunkan Syiah di Karbala

TANDA-TANDA SESEORANG TELAH DIPENGARUHI /
TERJEBAK DENGAN SYIAH
Ciri-ciri di bawah adalah sebahagian dari petanda seseorang yang menganut ajaran Syiah. Berwaspadalah jika anda dapati tanda-tanda sebegini ini tampak mula kelihatan pada orang-orang yang anda sayang.
* Senantiasa memuja Sayyidina Ali dan melebihkan beliau daripada Sayyidina Abu Bakar & Umar
* Memperlekeh dan memandang rendah kepada sahabat-sahabat Nabi s.a.w.
* Sering menghimpunkan (jamak) sembahyang Zuhur bersama Asar dan Maghrib bersama Isya’ tanpa sebarang
sebab.
* Kaki tidak dibasuh ketika berwuduk sebaliknya hanya disapu sahaja.
* Sujud di atas batu Karbala ketika solat.
* Menepuk paha ketika memberi salam sesudah sembahyang.
* Tidak mahu makan ikan yang tidak bersisik.
* Melewatkan berbuka puasa sehingga hampir waktu Isya’.
* Memarahi orang yang puasa Asyura.
* Sering memperkatakan tentang keperluan kepada imam zaman ini (imam mahdi).

Azan Syiah
(Aku bersaksi bahawa Ali adalah khalifah yang dilantik oleh Allah)
(Marilah ke arah sebaik-baik amalan)

4 Kalimah Syahadah Syiah
Tiada Tuhan Melainkan Allah, Muhammmad Pesuruh Alah, Ali Khalifah Yang Dilantik Oleh Allah,

Khomeini Hujah Allah Maklumat lanjut berkenaan Syiah boleh didapati melalui laman web di bawah:

http://www.islam...gov.my/e-rujukan/syiah.html

http://www.abunaaielah.blogspot.com

http://www.tenteradajjal.blogspot.com

http://www.hakekat.com

http://www.kr-hcy.com/shia

http://www.ansar.org/english

http://www.alburhan.com

http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syiah

http://www.syiah.net

Implikasi Sekiranya Ajaran Syiah Menular Terhadap:
Agama Islam: Asas-asas agama Islam seperti al-Quran dan Sunnah ditolak. Islam diberi gambaran yang buruk.
Kerajaan: Jatuhnya kerajaan seperti Iraq dan Iran. Umat Islam Ahlus Sunnah akan dizalimi, dianiayai dan didiskriminasi...

Ummah: Perpecahan, persengketaan malah pembunuhan akan berlaku di kalangan ummah.
Keluarga: Keruntuhan rumahtangga, perbalahan antara anggota keluargaR

Golongan Syi’ah ini dinamakan Imamiyyah Ithna ‘Asya’irah kerana akidah utama mereka adalah kepercayaan kepada 12 orang Imam dengan ciri-ciri yang tertentu. Mereka juga dikenali dengan Imamiyyah sahaja. Nama lain bagi mereka ialah Ja’fariyyah kerana sebahagian besar ajaran mereka dikaitkan dengan Imam Ja’far as-Sadiq.

Rafidhah juga merupakan gelaran mereka kerana fahaman-fahaman dan ‘aqidah-‘aqidahnya yang melampau. Mereka percaya Imam Kedua Belas (Muhammad bin Hasan al-Askari) telah ghaib dan akan bangkit sebagai Imam Mahdi sebelum kiamat untuk menghukum Abu Bakar, Umar, Aisyah dan sahabat2 yang lain di dalam peristiwa raj’ah (kebangkitan sebelum kiamat). Mereka juga percaya kepada al-bada’ (tuhan jahil), penyelewengan al-Qur’an, kemurtadan para sahabat termasuk Sayyidina Abu Bakar, ‘Umar, ‘Utsman r.a. dan sahabat-sahabat besar Rasulullah s.a.w. yang lain, kemaksuman (tidak berdosa) para imam.

Fahaman Syi’ah dipercayai mula merebak di Malaysia selepas kejayaan Revolusi Khomeini di Iran pada tahun 1979. Pengaruh ajaran dan fahaman ini menular ke negara ini melalui propaganda-propaganda mereka seperti bahan cetak, teknologi internet, orang perseorangan sama ada yang berkunjung ke Iran atau yang datang dari Iran dan sebagainya. Fahaman Syi‘ah ini semakin tersebar luas apabila beberapa orang pensyarah universiti tempatan telah memainkan peranan untuk menyebarkannya secara serius kepada para pelajar di Institut Pengajian Tinggi. Pengaruh fahaman ini kian menular ke negeri-negeri di Semenanjung Malaysia, antaranya Kedah, Kelantan, Johor, Perak, Wilayah Persekutuan, Selangor dan lain-lain.

ANTARA AKIDAH SYI’AH YANG MENYELEWENG DAN BERCANGGAH DENGAN AJARAN ISLAM

AGAMA SYI‘AH- Penyelewengan Al-Quran. Golongan Syi’ah terutamanya ulama-ulama yang menjadi paksi kepada agama mereka beri’tiqad bahawa al-Quran yang dihimpunkan oleh sahabat-sahabat r.a. dan berada di tangan umat Islam sekarang telah diselewengkan dan ditokok tambah. Antaranya Sayyid Ni`matullah al-Jazaairi mengatakan: “Bahawa tokoh-tokoh Syi‘ah telah sepakat tentang sahihnya hadits-hadits yang sampai ke peringkat mutawaatir yang menunjukkan dengan jelas tentang berlakunya penyelewengan al-Quran (An-Nuuri At-Thabarsi, Fashlu al-Khitaab, hal. 30). Pegangan tersebut adalah berdasarkan kepada lebih daripada dua ribu
riwayat sahih daripada imam-imam maksum di sisi mereka yang jelas menunjukkan berlakunya tahrif
(penyelewengan) di dalam al-Quran.

AGAMA ISLAM- Ulama-ulama Islam sepakat kepercayaan bahawa al-Quran telah diselewengkan adakan satu kekufuran. Ibnu Qudamah berkata: “Tiada khilaf di kalangan orang-orang Islam pendapat tentang kufurnya orang yang mengingkari al-Quran sama ada satu surah atau satu ayat atau satu kalimah yang disepakati bahawa ia adalah al-Quran.” (Lam’ah al-I’tiqad Bab Al-Quran Adalah Kalam Allah jil. 1 hal. 17).

AGAMA SYI‘AH- Kepercayaan Bahawa Imam 12 Dilantik Dari Pihak Allah, Mempunyai Sifat-Sifat Kenabian. Bahkan Imam Dianggap Lebih Tinggi Daripada Nabi. Dinyatakan dalam Kitab `Aqaid al-Imamiah oleh Syeikh Muhammad Redha al-Muzaffar, hal. 72: Akidah Kami Tentang Imam itu Maksum Kami mempercayai bahawa imam-imam itu seperti nabi-nabi, ia wajib maksum dan terpelihara daripada sifat-sifat yang buruk dan keji yang nyata dan yang tersembunyi, semenjak daripada kecil sehinggalah mati, sengaja atau lupa sebagaimana mereka juga terpelihara daripada sifat lupa, tersalah dan lain-lain. Khomeini menyatakan: “Kita tidak dapat menggambarkan para imam itu mempunyai sifat lupa dan lalai.” (Khomeini, Al-Hukumah Al-Islamiyah, hal. 91)

Khomeini berkata lagi: "Sesungguhnya imam itu mempunyai kedudukan yang terpuji yang tidak sampai kepadanya malaikat yang hampir kepada Allah dan nabi lagi rasul". (Al-Hukumah al-Islamiah – hal 52)

AGAMA ISLAM- Maksum adalah sifat khusus para nabi dan rasul. Memberikan sifat tersebut kepada orang lain selain dari mereka bermakna menafikan ‘akidah bahawa Nabi Muhammad s.a.w.. adalah penyudah sekalian nabinabi.

Allah berfirman: “Nabi Muhammad itu bukan bapa bagi seseorang dari orang lelaki kamu, tetapi dia adalah
Rasul Allah dan penutup Nabi-nabi.” (Al-Ahzab 40)

AGAMA SYI‘AH- Al-Bada.’ Dari segi bahasa al-Bada' bermaksud nyata sesuatu yang sebelumnya tersembunyi.

Menurut akidah Syi‘ah, al-Bada' ialah ilmu Allah berubah-ubah berdasarkan sesuatu peristiwa yang berlaku. Dalam kata lain, Allah mengetahui sesuatu perkara hanya selepas berlakunya perkara tersebut. Ini bermaksud Allah jahil atau tidak mempunyai ilmu yang meliputi. An-Naubakhti menyebutkan bahawa Ja’afar bin Muhammad al-Baqir telah menentukan anaknya Ismail sebagai Imam sesudahnya (sebagaimana ketentuan Allah kerana Syi’ah mengatakan imam-imam dilantik dari pihak Allah) dan beliau telah mengisyaratkan kepadanya semasa hidup lagi, tiba-tiba Ismail mati ketika beliau masih hidup. Maka Ja’afar pun berkata: “Tidak pernah berlaku kepada Allah (al-Bada’) berhubung dengan sesuatu seperti mana berlaku kepadanya berhubung dengan Ismail anakku.” (Firaq as-Syiah hal. 84).

AGAMA ISLAM- Ilmu Allah sejak azali adalah meliputi segala sesuatu dan tidak berlaku sebarang perubahan kepadanya mengikut peristiwa yang berlaku kepada manusia. Allah menjelaskan perkara ini di dalam al-Quran al- Karim: "Allah mengetahui pengkhianatan (penyelewengan dan tidak jujur) pandangan mata seseorang, serta mengetahui akan apa yang tersembunyi di dalam hati.”(Al-Mukmin 19). Dan: “Dan sesungguhnya Allah ilmunya meliputi segala sesuatu”.(Al-Talaq 12).

AGAMA SYI‘AH - Taqiyyah (berpura-pura). Taqiyyah merupakan konsep atau ciri penting yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari ajaran Syi‘ah . Taqiyyah pada hakikatnya adalah “berdusta dan berbohong”. Riwayat-riwayat tentang pentingnya taqiyyah di sisi Syi’ah banyak terdapat di dalam kitab-kitab utama mereka. Antaranya apa yang dikemukakan oleh al-Kulaini: Abu Umar al-A'jami katanya Ja’far as-Sadiq a.s. berkata kepadaku "Wahai Abu Umar, Sesungguhnya sembilan persepuluh daripada agama itu terletak pada Taqiyyah dan tidak ada agama
bagi orang yang tidak mempunyai Taqiyyah dan Taqiyyah itu ada pada tiap-tiap sesuatu, kecuali dalam masalah
arak dan menyapu dua khuf (al-Usul Min al-Kafi, jil. 2 hal. 217).” Di antara hakikat taqiyyah ialah apa yang disebutkan oleh Imam Jaa’far As-Sadiq a.s. kepada Sulaiman bin Khalid (perawi hadis): “Wahai Sulaiman!
Sesungguhnya engkau berada di atas agama yang sesiapa menyembunyikannya akan dimuliakan oleh Allah dan
sesiapa yang menyebarkannya akan dihina oleh Allah.” (Al-Kafi jil. 2, hal. 222)

AGAMA ISLAM - Jujur dan amanah adalah merupakan ciri penting di dalam Islam sehingga ia menjadi salah satu syarat kesempurnaan iman. Rasulullah s.a.w. bersabda: “Tidak beriman orang yang tidak mempunyai sifat amanah.” (Riwayat Imam Ahmad). Kerana itu ulama Islam di zaman lampau tidak mahu menerima riwayat yang dikemukakan oleh Syi‘ah kerana mereka mengamalkan pembohongan. Sehubungan dengan itu Imam Syafie berkata: “Tidak pernah aku melihat golongan yang menurut hawa nafsu yang lebih pembohong dari golongan Syi‘ah .” (Al-Kifayah, hal. 49, as-Suyuti, Tadrib Ar-Rawi, jilid 1, hal. 327)

AGAMA SYI‘AH - Mengkafirkan Para Sahabat Rasulullah s.a.w. Akidah ini merupakan salah satu ciri yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari ajaran Syi’ah dan memisahkannya bermakna meruntuhkan ajaran Syi’ah itu sendiri. Al- Majlisi mengemukakan satu riwayat berbunyi: Kebanyakan sahabat adalah munafik, tetapi cahaya nifaq tersembunyi di zaman nabi. Tetapi apabila wafat Nabi s.a.w ternyatalah cahaya nifaq itu melalui wasiat Nabi
s.a..w. dan mereka itu kembali murtad”. (Bihar al-Anwar jil.. 27, hal 64). Al-Kulaini meriwayatkan dari Muhammad al-Baqir a.s. katanya: “Para sahabat telah menjadi murtad sepeninggalan Rasullullah s.a.w kecuali tiga orang dari mereka.” Aku bertanya (kata perawi): “Siapakah yang tiga itu?” Abu Jaafar menjawab: “Miqdad bin al-Aswad, Abu Zar al-Ghifari dan Salman al- Farisi.”(ar-Raudhah Min al-Kafi, jil. 8 hal 245)

AGAMA ISLAM - Keadilan dan kedudukan sahabat yang tinggi adalah jelas berdasarkan al-Quran. Antaranya:
“Dan orang-orang yang terdahulu yang mula-mula (berhijrah dan memberi bantuan) dari orang-orang "Muhajirin" dan "Ansar" dan orang-orang yang menurut (jejak langkah) mereka dengan kebaikan (iman dan taat), Allah redha akan mereka dan mereka pula redha akan Dia, serta Dia menyediakan untuk mereka syurga-syurga yang mengalir di bawahnya beberapa sungai, mereka kekal di dalamnya selama-lamanya; itulah kemenangan yang besar”.(at-Taubah 100). Mengingkari yang sahabat adalah adil bererti mengingkari al-Quran.

AGAMA SYI‘AH - Menghalalkan Nikah Mut'ah.. Nikah Mut’ah adalah sebenarnya perzinaan di atas nama Islam. Nikah Mut’ah ialah satu bentuk perkahwinan kontrak tanpa wali dan saksi, untuk suatu tempoh waktu tertentu dengan sedikit maskahwin sahaja dengan tiada sebarang tanggungjawab, nafkah, pusaka dan perkara- perkara lain yang berkaitan dengan perkahwinan biasa. (al-Kafi jilid 5, ms 286), Perkahwinan ini semata-mata
berlandaskan nafsu dan untuk berseronok. Boleh dikahwini sehingga seribu wanita (Wasaailu As Syiah jil. 14 hal.

480). Diriwayatkan daripada Muhammad Al-Baqir berkenaan mut'ah katanya: “Ianya bukan termasuk daripada
empat (isteri). Mereka tidak diceraikan dan tidak mewarisi. Mereka hanyalah perempuan yang disewakan.” (al-
Kafi jilid 5, ms 284). Tidak menganggap halal mut’ah seolah-olah tidak beriman. Diriwayatkan daripada Muhammad al-Baqir katanya: “Bukan dari kalangan kami orang yang tidak mempercayai raj’ah dan tidak menganggap halal mut’ah kita”. (Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih jil.3 hal 458)

AGAMA ISLAM - Nikah Mut'ah yang diamalkan oleh Syi’ah tiada bezanya dengan perzinaan dan pelacuran di samping merendahkan martabat wanita serendah-rendahnya. Kerana itu ia telah diharamkan oleh Nabi Muhammad s.a.w buat selama-lamanya sehingga hari kiamat menerusi hadits-hadits sahih sebelum Baginda wafat melalui beberapa orang sahabat dan salah seorangnya adalah Saidina Ali sendiri seperti katanya:

"Bahawa Rasulullah s.a.w. melarang nikah mut'ah pada hari peperangan Khaibar dan melarang juga memakan
daging keldai kampung." (Riwayat Ibn Majah dan al-Nasa’i)

BAGAIMANA AJARAN SYIAH DISEBARKAN DALAM MASYARAKAT
1. Menghantar pelajar-pelajar dari Iran ke Universiti Awam dan Swasta
2. Menyiarkan artikel berbau Syiah di akhbar perdana dan majalah-majalah
3. Menyebarkan risalah dan buku-buku propaganda Syiah di tempat awam
4. Menyertai expo-expo terutamanya anjuran badan-badan Islam
5. Meresapi dalam jemaah-jemaah Islam
6. Menganjurkan kelas-kelas tahfiz dan terlibat dalam sistem
7. pendidikan bermula dari pra-sekolah
8... Berkahwin dengan pemuda-pemudi sunni
9. Bergerak aktif di alam siber dengan menyebarkan dakyah syiah dan berdebat di forum-forum sunni

* Oleh kerana, bimbang dan rasa takut fahaman Syiah ini terus menular di Malaysia, maka penulis blog ini menyebarkan artikel ini yang disebarkan melalui risalah yang telah diberikan kepada penulis.

Bagaimana Menambahkan Cinta Kepada Rasul ALLAH S.A.W

2009-06-20T23:57:00.000+08:00

(Post Percubaan, bukan penulis blog ni punya)

Perasaan cinta dan kasih kepada Rasul ALLAH s.a.w. boleh disemai dengan melakukan beberapa perkara dibawah:

1) Mengenali Dan Mengingati Peribadi Rasul ALLAH S.A.W.

Dari sudut ini, maka benarlah pepatah Melayu yang menyebut bahawa “Tak kenal maka tak cinta”. Seseorang Muslim yang ingin menambahkan kecintaannya kepada Rasul ALLAH s.a.w. mestilah mengenali peribadi Baginda secara lebih mendalam. Semakin dalam kita mengenali Rasul ALLAH s.a.w. dari segi akhlaknya, cara hidupnya, cabaran yang dihadapinya, perjuangannya dan segala-galanya yang berkaitan dengan Baginda, maka semakin bertambahlah cinta dan kasih kita kepada Rasul ALLAH s.a.w. Untuk tujuan ini, bacaan dan kajian terhadap sirah hidup Baginda perlu dilakukan melalui sumber-sumber bacaan sirah yang sahih.

2) Berdiri Di Atas Petunjuk Nabi S.A.W. Dan Mengamalkan Sunnah-Sunnah Baginda s.a.w.

Setiap Muslim mestilah menjadikan petunjuk yang dibawa oleh Nabi s.a.w. sebagai panduan dalam hidupnya. Dalam setiap apa jua perkara dalam urusan agama, maka panduan dan petunjuk yang dibawa oleh Nabi s.a.w. mestilah diletakkan di hadapan. Seterusnya, senantiasa berusaha untuk mengikuti sunnah Baginda s.a.w. dalam segala tingkah laku dan perkataan. Jika tidak dapat diamalkan semua, maka janganlah ditinggalkan semuanya.

3) Mengetahui Nikmat ALLAH Yang Dikurniakan Kepada Kita Melalui Pengutusan Rasul ALLAH S.A.W.

Antara pengurnian nikmat ALLAH yang terbesar ialah pengutusan Rasul ALLAH s.a.w. itu sendiri kepada umat ini. Rasul ALLAH s.a.w. yang diutuskan ini diberikan panduan wahyu kepadanya. Maka dengan pengutusan Rasul yang dibekalkan dengan wahyu, umat Islam dapat menerima hidayah Islam yang sebenar, seterusnya dengan hidayah ini kita dapat mebezakan antara yang haq dan batil dan sekaligus dapat menyelamatkan kita di dunia dan di akhirat; jika petunjuk ini ditaati.

Firman ALLAH swt bermaksud: “Wahai ahli Kitab! Sesungguhnya telah datang kepada kamu Rasul Kami (Muhammad s.a.w.) dengan menerangkan kepada kamu banyak dari (keterangan-keterangan dan hukum) yang telah kamu sembunyikan dari kitab suci, dan ia memaafkan kamu (dengan tidak mendedahkan) banyak perkara (yang kamu sembunyikan). Sesungguhnya telah datang kepada kamu cahaya kebenaran (Nabi Muhammad) dari ALLAH, dan sebuah kitab (al-Quran) yang jelas nyata keterangannya. Dengan (al-Quran) itu ALLAH menunjukkan jalan-jalan keselamatan serta kesejahteraan kepada sesiapa yang mengikut keredhaanNya, dan (dengannya) Tuhan keluarkan mereka dari gelap gelita (kufur) kepada cahaya (iman) yang terang benderang, dengan izinNya; dan (dengannya juga) Tuhan menunjukkan mereka ke jalan yang lurus”. (al-Maidah: 15-16)

4) Memperbanyakkan Selawat Ke Atas Rasul ALLAH S.A.W.

Selawat merupakan antara amalan yang paling berkesan yang dapat mengikat hati individu Muslim dengan Rasul ALLAH s.a.w. Firman ALLAH swt bermaksud: “Sesungguhnya ALLAH dan para malaikat berselawat (memberi segala penghormatan dan kebaikan) ke atas Nabi, wahai orang-orang yang beriman selawatlah kamu kepadanya serta ucapkanlah salam sejahtera dengan penghormatan yang sepenuhnya”. (al-Ahzab: 56)

Penganjuran berselawat ini juga disuruh dan digalakkan melalui hadith-hadith Rasul ALLAH s.a.w., antaranya: Daripada Abu Hurairah, bahawa Nabi s.a.w. bersabda: “Barangsiapa yang berselawat ke atas ku satu selawat, maka ALLAH swt akan berselawat ke atasnya sepuluh kali” (Riwayat Muslim, Kitab al-solat, Bab: al-salat ‘ala al-Nabiy ba’da al-tasyahud)